Ugocsa, Szőlősvár, Kankóvár
Виноградівський замок
Ugocsa, Szőlősvár, Kankóvár
Condition:
Ruined
Entrance:
Free
Settlement:
Historical Hungarian county:
Ugocsa
Country:
Ukraine
Province:
Закарпатська область
Geographic region:
Nagyszőlős Mountain
GPS coordinates:
48.140842, 23.050151
Google map:
History
895
Arrival of the Hungarians
Little more...
895
The alliance of the seven Hungarian tribes took possession of the then largely uninhabited Carpathian Basin. Until then, the sparse Slavic population of the north-western Carpathians had lived under Moravian rule for a few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate in the early 9th century.
after 895
The Hungarians erected a small castle on the Black Hill in order to defend the area from the Pecheneg raids. It was later destroyed.
1000
Foundation of the Hungarian Kingdom
Little more...
1000
The Kingdom of Hungary was established with the coronation of King Stephen I. He converted the Hungarians to Christianity and created two archdioceses (Esztergom and Kalocsa) and ten dioceses. He divided Hungary into counties led by ispáns, who were appointed by the king.
12th-13th century
The area was a hunting ground for the Hungarian kings of the House of Árpád. Its center was in Királyháza and its border run here, the name of the village of Szőlősvégardó refers to this fact.
1241-1242
Mongol Invasion
Little more...
1241-1242
The hordes of the Mongol Empire invaded Hungary and almost completely destroyed it. One third to one half of the population was destroyed. The Mongols also suffered heavy losses in the battle of Muhi and they could not hunt down the king. After their withdrawal, King Béla IV reorganized Hungary. He allowed the feudal lords to build stone castles because they were able to successfully resist the nomadic Mongols. The vast majority of stone castles were built after this. The king called in German, Vlach (Romanian) and Slavic settlers to replace the destroyed population.
1301
The extinction of the House of Árpád
Little more...
1301
The House of Árpád, the first Hungarian royal dynasty, died out with the death of King Andrew III. Hungary was ruled by oligarchs, the most powerful of whom was Csák Máté, whose main ally was the Aba family. King Charles I (1308-1342), supported by the Pope, eventually emerged as the most prominent of the contenders for the Hungarian throne. But it took decades to break the power of the oligarchs.
1307
King Charles I fo Hungary gave Szőlős to Borsa Beke, who was master of the treasury, and he built a strong castle here, which was mentioned in 1308.
1317.
The brother of Borsa Beke, Borsa Kopasz, was a powerful Hungarian oligarch controlling the lands east from the river Tisza. He conspired against the king Their goal was to help Prince András of Halych, the descendant of King Béla IV of Hungary, to the Hungarian throne. The army of conspirators was smashed near Debrecen (Hungary).
July 1, 1317
King Charles I besieged Adorján Castle, where Borsa Kopasz retreated. It was occupied with a heavy siege, but Borsa Kopas managed to escape to Sólyomkő Castle. Since the castle was deemed impregnable, two adjacent forts were built and the royal army began to starve out the oligarch. Finally Borsa Kopasz had to surrender. The former oligarch was eventually released and he died hiding in Transylvania around 1332. Nyaláb Castle was recovered by the king.
1317
The castle of Szőlős was captured by Jánki Tamás for King Charles I. The castle was destroyed in the siege. The lordship was acquired by the first wife of the king, Queen Mary, and it was owned by the queens afterwards.
1399
King Sigismund gave the lordship to the Perényi family together with the permission to rebuild the castle. They received Nyaláb Castle as well a few years later, which made them the largest landowners of Ugocsa County.
early 15th century
The castle was acquired by the Franciscn monks.
1526
Battle of Mohács and the splitting of Hungary into two parts
Little more...
1526
Sultan Suleiman I launched a war against Vienna, instigated by the French. Ferdinand I, Duke of Austria, was the brother-in-law of King Louis II of Hungary. The army of the Ottoman Empire defeated the much smaller Hungarian army at Mohács, and King Louis II died in the battle. A group of the barons elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the throne, who promised to defend Hungary from the Turks. He was the younger brother of the most powerful European monarch Emperor Charles V. But the nobility chose the most powerful Hungarian baron, Szapolyai János, who was also crowned as King John I. The country was split in two and a decades-long struggle for power began.
1540
King John I of Hungary died soon after his son, John II, was born. Royal power was taken over by his widow, Queen Isabella, and even more so by Fráter György.
1541
The Turkish occupation of the capital, Buda, and the division of Hungary into three parts
Little more...
1541
The Turks conquered Buda, the capital of Hungary, after the death of King John I. The central part of the country was under Turkish rule for 150 years. The western and northern parts (including present-day Slovakia) formed the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by the Habsburg emperors. The eastern parts (now mainly under Romanian rule) were ruled by the successors of King John I of Hungary, who later established the Principality of Transylvania.
1551
The widow of King John I, Queen Izabella was forced to resign from the throne on behalf of her child son John II and to leave for Poland by the imperial army of Ferdinand called into Transylvania by the child's guardian Fráter György.
1544
Perényi Ferenc converted to Protestantism, took the castle from the Franciscan monks and transformed it to a knight's castle.
1554
Perényi Ferenc married the daughter of Bebek Ferenc. Later he and his father-in-law broke with King Ferdinand I and joined the side of the child John II of Transylvania. He attacked the Imperial armies multiple times.
1556
As a revenge Imperial General Wolfgang Pucham besieged and destroyed Perényi's castle in Nagyida (the story was recounted by Arany János in his work "The gypsies of Nagyida"). The same year Queen Isabella, the mother of John II, returned to Transylvania at the request of the Estates unsatisfied with the Habsburg rule. After that, Perényi occupied and sacked the monastery in Szőlős (according to the tradition the monks held the aristocrat's daughter as hostage).
1557
On the side of the Imperials, the Captain of Upper Hungary, Telekessy Imre, captured the castle of Kovászó, then besieged the castle of Szőlős. After several days of siege, Perényi Ferenc and his family was captured. The castle was rebuilt the same year by Captain Székely Antal.
December 23, 1557
Szőlős Castle was besieged by the Transylvanian army led by Balassa Menyhért (the uncle of the poet Balassa Bálint) and Bebek Ferenc.
1558
Telekessy Imre returned with his army, so the opponents made an agreement at the proposal of Balassa Menyhért. The defenders were alowed to leave the castle with all their belongings, but afterwards the castle was destroyed. It has been a ruin ever since.
Source: varak.hu , Wikipedia, arcanum.hu - Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme
Check out other castles in Subcarpathia (Ukraine) as well!
© OpenStreetMap contributors
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It was later destroyed.@#3|@12th-13th century|The area was a hunting ground for the Hungarian kings of the House of \u00c1rp\u00e1d. Its center was in Kir\u00e1lyh\u00e1za and its border run here, the name of the village of Sz\u0151l\u0151sv\u00e9gard\u00f3 refers to this fact.@#5|@#6|@1307|King Charles I fo Hungary gave Sz\u0151l\u0151s to Borsa Beke, who was master of the treasury, and he built a strong castle here, which was mentioned in 1308.@1317.|The brother of Borsa Beke, Borsa Kopasz, was a powerful Hungarian oligarch controlling the lands east from the river Tisza. He conspired against the king Their goal was to help Prince Andr\u00e1s of Halych, the descendant of King B\u00e9la IV of Hungary, to the Hungarian throne. The army of conspirators was smashed near Debrecen (Hungary).@July 1, 1317|King Charles I besieged Adorj\u00e1n Castle, where Borsa Kopasz retreated. It was occupied with a heavy siege, but Borsa Kopas managed to escape to S\u00f3lyomk\u0151 Castle. Since the castle was deemed impregnable, two adjacent forts were built and the royal army began to starve out the oligarch. Finally Borsa Kopasz had to surrender. The former oligarch was eventually released and he died hiding in Transylvania around 1332. Nyal\u00e1b Castle was recovered by the king.@1317|The castle of Sz\u0151l\u0151s was captured by J\u00e1nki Tam\u00e1s for King Charles I. The castle was destroyed in the siege. The lordship was acquired by the first wife of the king, Queen Mary, and it was owned by the queens afterwards.@1399|King Sigismund gave the lordship to the Per\u00e9nyi family together with the permission to rebuild the castle. They received Nyal\u00e1b Castle as well a few years later, which made them the largest landowners of Ugocsa County.@early 15th century|The castle was acquired by the Franciscn monks.@#8|@1540|King John I of Hungary died soon after his son, John II, was born. Royal power was taken over by his widow, Queen Isabella, and even more so by Fr\u00e1ter Gy\u00f6rgy.@#9|@1551|The widow of King John I, Queen Izabella was forced to resign from the throne on behalf of her child son John II and to leave for Poland by the imperial army of Ferdinand called into Transylvania by the child's guardian Fr\u00e1ter Gy\u00f6rgy.@1544|Per\u00e9nyi Ferenc converted to Protestantism, took the castle from the Franciscan monks and transformed it to a knight's castle.@1554|Per\u00e9nyi Ferenc married the daughter of Bebek Ferenc. Later he and his father-in-law broke with King Ferdinand I and joined the side of the child John II of Transylvania. He attacked the Imperial armies multiple times.@1556|As a revenge Imperial General Wolfgang Pucham besieged and destroyed Per\u00e9nyi's castle in Nagyida (the story was recounted by Arany J\u00e1nos in his work \u0022The gypsies of Nagyida\u0022). The same year Queen Isabella, the mother of John II, returned to Transylvania at the request of the Estates unsatisfied with the Habsburg rule. After that, Per\u00e9nyi occupied and sacked the monastery in Sz\u0151l\u0151s (according to the tradition the monks held the aristocrat's daughter as hostage).@1557|On the side of the Imperials, the Captain of Upper Hungary, Telekessy Imre, captured the castle of Kov\u00e1sz\u00f3, then besieged the castle of Sz\u0151l\u0151s. After several days of siege, Per\u00e9nyi Ferenc and his family was captured. The castle was rebuilt the same year by Captain Sz\u00e9kely Antal.@December 23, 1557|Sz\u0151l\u0151s Castle was besieged by the Transylvanian army led by Balassa Menyh\u00e9rt (the uncle of the poet Balassa B\u00e1lint) and Bebek Ferenc.@1558|Telekessy Imre returned with his army, so the opponents made an agreement at the proposal of Balassa Menyh\u00e9rt. The defenders were alowed to leave the castle with all their belongings, but afterwards the castle was destroyed. 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