Privigye
Historical Hungarian county:
Nyitra
District:
Trenčiansky kraj
River:
Nyitra, Handlovka Brook
GPS coordinates:
48.771984, 18.623523
Population
Population in 1910
Total |
3349 |
Hungarian |
18.12% |
German |
6.12% |
Slovak |
75.13% |
The town is situated in the valley of the Nyitra River, surrounded by mountains. It was first mentioned in 1113. In the late 14th century it gained town privileges from Queen Mary of Hungary, by that time had become rich from gold mining. In 1653 the widow of the landowner Pálffy Pál invited Jesuit and Piarist monks to the town. The Piarists established a monastery, a library and a grammar school. In the 18th century the town was attached to the lordship of Bajmóc and lost its privileges. Bajmóc Castle can be found in its neighborhood, which was transformed into Neo-gothic style on the model of the French castles of the Loire Valley at the turn of the 20th century on the instructions of Pálffy János, who also made most of the plans.
Check out other towns in Upper Hungary (Slovakia) as well!
895
Arrival of the Hungarians
Little more...
895
The alliance of the seven Hungarian tribes took possession of the then largely uninhabited Carpathian Basin. Until then, the sparse Slavic population of the north-western Carpathians had lived under Moravian rule for a few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate in the early 9th century.
1000
Foundation of the Hungarian Kingdom
Little more...
1000
The Kingdom of Hungary was established with the coronation of King Stephen I. He converted the Hungarians to Christianity and created two archdioceses (Esztergom and Kalocsa) and ten dioceses. He divided Hungary into counties led by ispáns, who were appointed by the king.
1113
The settlement was mentioned for the first time as "Preuge" in the diploma of the Benedictine Abbey of Mount Zobor.
1241-1242
Mongol Invasion
Little more...
1241-1242
The hordes of the Mongol Empire invaded Hungary and almost completely destroyed it. One third to one half of the population was destroyed. The Mongols also suffered heavy losses in the battle of Muhi and they could not hunt down the king. After their withdrawal, King Béla IV reorganized Hungary. He allowed the feudal lords to build stone castles because they were able to successfully resist the nomadic Mongols. The vast majority of stone castles were built after this. The king called in German, Vlach (Romanian) and Slavic settlers to replace the destroyed population.
1276-1321
Privigye was the seat of a royal ispán.
1289
Miklós, the ispán of Zólyom County, occupied Privigye from Péter of the Hont-Pázmány clan.
1301
The extinction of the House of Árpád
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1301
The House of Árpád, the first Hungarian royal dynasty, died out with the death of King Andrew III. Hungary was ruled by oligarchs, the most powerful of whom was Csák Máté, whose main ally was the Aba family. King Charles I (1308-1342), supported by the Pope, eventually emerged as the most prominent of the contenders for the Hungarian throne. But it took decades to break the power of the oligarchs.
1308
The oligarch Csák Máté took control of the settlement.
1321
After the death of Csák Máté, King Charles I of Hungary took control of the settlement. Its castle was never mentioned after 1341, it must have been destroyed.
1382
The town received its privileges from Queen Mary of Hungary, the daughter of Louis I of Hungary. Gold mining had already become significant by that time.
between 1390 and 1396
Carmelite monks settled down and established a monastery.
1409
The town was granted further privileges by King Sigismund of Hungary.
1415
The town gained the right to hold fairs.
1526
Battle of Mohács and the splitting of Hungary into two parts
Little more...
1526
Sultan Suleiman I launched a war against Vienna, instigated by the French. Ferdinand I, Duke of Austria, was the brother-in-law of King Louis II of Hungary. The army of the Ottoman Empire defeated the much smaller Hungarian army at Mohács, and King Louis II died in the battle. A group of the barons elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the throne, who promised to defend Hungary from the Turks. He was the younger brother of the most powerful European monarch Emperor Charles V. But the nobility chose the most powerful Hungarian baron, Szapolyai János, who was also crowned as King John I. The country was split in two and a decades-long struggle for power began.
1541
The Turkish occupation of the capital, Buda, and the division of Hungary into three parts
Little more...
1541
The Turks conquered Buda, the capital of Hungary, after the death of King John I. The central part of the country was under Turkish rule for 150 years. The western and northern parts (including present-day Slovakia) formed the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by the Habsburg emperors. The eastern parts (now mainly under Romanian rule) were ruled by the successors of King John I of Hungary. In 1571, John II (John Sigismund), the son of King John I of Hungary, renounced the title of King of Hungary in favor of King Maximilian of the House of Habsburg, and henceforth held the title of Prince. This formally created the Principality of Transylvania, which was the eastern half of Hungary not ruled by the Habsburgs and was also a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. John II died in 1571, after which the three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Székelys and the Saxons) elected the prince.
1545
A Lutheran school opened in the town.
1569
Its first guild was established by cloth manufacturers.
1599
Turks burned down the town.
1619
The campaign of Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
Little more...
1619
At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania went to war against the Habsburg emperor as an ally of the rebelling Czech-Moravian-Austrian estates. The whole Kingdom of Hungary joined him, only the Austrian defenders of Pozsony had to be put to the sword. With his allies, he laid siege to Vienna. However, he was forced to abandon the siege because the Habsburg-loyal Hungarian aristocrat Homonnai Drugeth György attacked his heartland with Polish mercenaries. On 25 August 1620, the Diet of Besztercebánya elected Bethlen Gábor King of Hungary as vassal of the Turks. He continued to fight after the defeat of the Czechs at White Mountain on 8 November 1620, but without real chance to achieve decisive victory, he decided to come to an agreement with Emperor Ferdinand II.
1621
Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania marched into the town.
31 December 1621
Peace of Nikolsburg
Little more...
31 December 1621
Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand II. Their agreement secured the constitutional rights of the Estates of Hungary, and later it was supplemented with the freedom of religion. Bethlen renounced the title of King of Hungary in exchange for seven counties of the Upper Tisza region (Szabolcs, Szatmár, Bereg, Ugocsa, Zemplén, Borsod, Abaúj) for the rest of his life, other estates in Hungary as his private property and the imperial title of Duke of Oppeln and Ratibor (Opole and Racibórz), one of the Duchies of Silesia. Prince Bethlen went to war against the Habsburgs in 1623 and 1626, but was unable to negotiate more favourable terms.
1636
The Thurzó family got extinct. The Pálffy family became the new owner of the town.
1653
The widow of Pálffy Pál invited Jesuit and Piarist monks to the town.
1666
The Piarists founded a library.
1674
The Piarists established a monastery.
after 1671
Kuruc Movement
Little more...
after 1671
Many noble, burgher and preacher fled to the Principality of Transylvania and the territory under Turkish occupation from the reprisals after the exposure of the anti-Habsburg Wesselényi-conspiracy and from the violent Counter-Reformation. They were joined by dismissed Hungarian soldiers of the Turkish border forts, who were replaced by German mercenaries. They were called the fugitives (bujdosók). They started an armed movement against the Habsburg rule. Because of the Turkish ban, the Principality of Transylvania could not openly support them. From 1677, the French supported their cause with money and Polish mercenaries. They achieved their first serious success when they temporarily occupied the mining towns of northern Hungary (now central Slovakia) under the command of Thököly lmre. He then became the sole leader of the movement. In 1679, the French made peace with Emperor Leopold I and withdrew their support for the fugitives. Between 1678 and 1681 Thököly Imre led successful raids against the Habsburgs and their supporters in the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary. The insurgents were called kurucs.
1678
The army of Thököly Imre kuruc leader plundered the town.
1681, 1683
Turkish attacks.
1686
Recapture of Buda and the liberation of Hungary from the Turks
Little more...
1686
The army of the Holy League recaptured Buda from the Turks by siege. In 1687, the Imperial army invaded the Principality of Transylvania. The liberation was hindered by the French breaking their promise of peace in 1688 and attacking the Habsburg Empire. By 1699, when the Peace of Karlóca was signed, all of Hungary and Croatia had been liberated from the Ottoman Empire with the exception of Temesköz, the area bounded by the Maros, the Tisza and the Danube rivers. It was not until the Peace of Požarevac in 1718 that Temesköz was liberated from the Turks. However, the continuous war against the Turkish invaders and the Habsburg autocracy, which lasted for more than 150 years, wiped out large areas of the Hungarian population, which had previously made up 80% of the country's population, and was replaced by Vlachs (Romanians), Serbs and other Slavic settlers and Germans. The Habsburgs also favoured the settlement of these foreign peoples over the 'rebellious' Hungarians.
1703-1711
Hungarian War of Independence led by Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II
Little more...
1703-1711
After the expulsion of the Turks, the Habsburgs treated Hungary as a newly conquered province and did not respect its constitution. The serfs rose up against the Habsburg ruler because of the sufferings caused by the war and the heavy burdens, and they invited Rákóczi Ferenc II to lead them. Trusting in the help promised by King Louis XIV of France, he accepted. Rákóczi rallied the nobility to his side, and soon most of the country was under his control. The rebels were called the kurucs. In 1704, the French and the Bavarians were defeated at the Battle of Blenheim, depriving the Hungarians of their international allies. The Rusyn, Slovak and Vlach peasants and the Saxons of Szepes supported the fight for freedom, while the Serbs in the south and the Saxons in Transylvania served the Habsburgs. Due to lack of funds Rákóczi could not raise a strong regular army, and in 1710, Hungary was also hit by a severe plague. Rákóczi tried unsuccessfully to forge an alliance with Tsar Peter the Great of Russia. In his absence, without his knowledge, his commander-in-chief, Károlyi Sándor, accepted Emperor Joseph I's peace offer. The Peace of Szatmár formally restored the Hungarian constitution and religious freedom and granted amnesty, but did not ease the burden of serfdom. Rákóczi refused to accept the pardon and went into exile. He died in Rodosto, Turkey.
1709-1711
There was a great plague.
1720
The Piarists buit a church.
between 1765 and 1770
The town was attached to the lordship of Bajmóc and lost its privileges.
1771
The inhabitants of the town rose up against the increasing burdens.
1848-1849
Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence
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1848-1849
Following the news of the Paris Revolution on 22 February 1848, the Hungarian liberal opposition led by Kossuth Lajos demanded the abolition of serfdom, the abolition of the tax exemption of the nobility, a parliament elected by the people, and an independent and accountable national government. The revolution that broke out in Pest on 15 March expressed its demands in 12 points, which, in addition to the above mentioned, included the freedom of the press, equality before the law, the release of the political prisoners and the union with Transylvania. A Hungarian government was formed, Batthyány Lajos became prime minister, and on 11 April Emperor Ferdinand V ratified the reform laws. On August 31 the Emperor demanded the repeal of the laws threatening with military intervention. In September the Emperor unleashed the army of Jelacic, Ban of Croatia, on Hungary, but they were defeated by the Hungarians in the Battle of Pákozd on 29 September. An open war began for the independence of Hungary. The Habsburgs incited the nationalities against the Hungarians. The Rusyns, the Slovenes and most of the Slovaks and Germans supported the cause persistently, but the Vlachs (Romanians) and the Serbians turned against the Hungarians. The glorious Spring Campaign in 1849 led by General Görgei Artúr liberated almost all of Hungary. On 1 May 1849, Emperor Franz Joseph, effectively admitting defeat, asked for the help of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, who sent an intervention army of 200,000 soldiers against Hungary. The resistance became hopeless against the overwhelming enemy forces and on 13 August Görgei Artúr surrendered to the Russians at Világos. Bloody reprisals followed, and on 6 October 1849, 12 generals and a colonel of the Hungarian Revolution, the martyrs of Arad, were executed in Arad. On the same day, Batthyány Lajos, the first Hungarian Prime Minister, was executed by firing squad in Pest. The Habsburgs introduced total authoritarianism in Hungary, but they also failed to fulfil their promises to the nationalities that had betrayed the Hungarians.
1867
Austro-Hungarian Compromise
Little more...
1867
The Habsburg Empire was weakened by the defeats it suffered in the implementation of Italian and German unity. The Hungarians wanted to return to the reform laws of 1848, but they did not have the strength to do so. Emperor Franz Joseph and the Hungarian opposition, led by Deák Ferenc, finally agreed to restructure the Empire and abolish absolutism. Hungary was given autonomy in its internal affairs, with its own government and parliament, which was essential for the development of its economy and culture. However, foreign and military affairs remained in the hands of the Habsburgs and served their aspiration for becoming a great power. The majority wanted Hungary's independence, but they were excluded from political power.
1914-1918
World War I
Little more...
1914-1918
As part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Hungary took part in the war on the side of the Central Powers.
November 1918 - January 1919
The Czech, Romanian and Serbian occupation of Hungary
Little more...
November 1918 - January 1919
In Hungary, the freemasonic subversion brought the pro-Entente Károlyi Mihály to power. The new government, naively trusting the Entente powers, met all their demands and disbanded the Hungarian military, which rendered the country completely defenseless in the most dire need. Under French and Italian command, Czech, Romanian and Serbian troops invaded large parts of Hungary, where they immediately began the takeover. They fired Hungarian railway workers, officials and teachers, banned the use of the Hungarian language, abolished Hungarian education, and disposed of everything that reminded them of the country's Hungarian past. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarians were forced to leave their homeland, and the forcible assimilation of the remaining Hungarians was begun.
December, 1918
The Czechoslovaks invaded Privigye.
4 June 1920
Trianon Dictate
Little more...
4 June 1920
Hungary was forced to sign the Treaty of Trianon, although the country was not invited to the peace talks. Hungary lost two thirds of its territory that had belonged to it for more than 1000 years. One-third of the Hungarian population came under foreign rule. On the basis of the national principle, countries with a more mixed and less ethnically balanced composition than the former Hungary were created, such as Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). For example, while 48% of the population of the territory ceded to Czechoslovakia was Slovak and 30% Hungarian, 54% of the population of the former Hungary was Hungarian and 10.6% Slovak. And in the territory that is now part of Serbia, the Hungarians outnumbered the Serbs. The part of the territory allocated to Romania from Hungary was larger than the remaining territory of Hungary, despite the fact that there were 10 million Hungarians and less than 3 million Romanians in the former Hungary. While Hungary used to have the most liberal nationality policy in Europe, the successor states had no respect at all for the national and cultural rights of the indigenous Hungarians and engaged in forced assimilation. The Trianon Dictate destroyed the organic economic unity of the region. Before the First World War, Hungary had a dynamic economy, more advanced than Spain's. After 1920, the successor states formed the so-called "Little Entente", putting Hungary under an economic blockade and sabotaging it on the international stage.
14 March 1939
First independent Slovakia was established
Little more...
14 March 1939
The first independent Slovakia was established under German patronage. Josef Tiso became president of the country. In 1938, Hungary regained 11,927 km2 of territory from Czechoslovakia under the First Vienna Award. Its population was 869 thousand people, 86.5% of whom were Hungarian. From the remaining territory that Hungary did not get back, Slovakia was formed.
Autumn 1944 - Spring 1945
Soviet occupation
Little more...
Autumn 1944 - Spring 1945
The Soviet Red Army occupied Hungary and Slovakia, which resulted in the recreation of Czechoslovakia.
April 4, 1945
The Soviets invaded Privigye.
5 April 1945
Beneš decrees and the persecution of Hungarians
Little more...
5 April 1945
In Hungarian-majority Kassa, the president of occupying Czechoslovakia, Edvard Beneš, promulgated his government program, the so-called Beneš decrees. As part of this, the Hungarian population was deprived of their rights. Their complete expulsion was planned, with the support of the Soviet Union, and only the veto of the USA prevented it. Under the 'Reslavakization' programme, only those Hungarians who recognised themselves as Slovaks were allowed to regain their rights, thus renouncing all linguistic and cultural rights. In the violent expulsions that followed, nearly 200,000 Hungarians were deprived of their property and expelled from their homeland on the basis of their nationality.
1 January 1993
Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
Little more...
1 January 1993
Czechoslovakia disintegrated due to ethnic differences between Czechs and Slovaks, shortly after the withdrawal of Soviet tanks. Slovakia was formed entirely from territory carved out of historic Hungary, and Slovak national identity is still largely based on falsified history and artificial hatred of Hungarians. Despite deportations, expulsions, forced assimilation and strong economic pressure, there are still nearly half a million Hungarians living in the country.
Sights
All
Churches, religious buildings
Memorials
Churches, religious buildings
Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven
Kostol nanebovzatia Panny Márie (Mariánsky vŕšok)
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Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven
History
The church was built around 1260 in Romanesque style. It was part of the castle fortification.
In the 14th century Carmelites acquired the church and built a nunnery next to it, which functioned until 1565. The Carmelites were engaged in education. In 1430 the Carmelites gained the right to grant indulgence for pilgrims.
The church was modified in 1682 and in 1805. The Gothic Chapel of St. John of Nepomuk is on its southern side. The Baroque main altar is from the beginning of the 18th century. The church has a Gothic statue of Virgin Mary from the second half of the 15th century. The side altars are Baroque from the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th centuries.
St. Bartholomew Roman Catholic Parish Church
Kostol sv. Bartolomeja
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St. Bartholomew Roman Catholic Parish Church
History
The church was built in the 14th century in Gothic style and was reconstructed in the 17th century.
Piarist Church
Piaristický kostol Najsvätejšej Trojice a nanebovzatia Panny Márie
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Piarist Church
History
The construction started in 1666 and finished between 1740 and 1753 in Baroque style. Its main altar depicts the Assumption of Virgin Mary into heaven.
Piarist Monastery
Originally:
monastery / nunnery / canon's house / provost residence, school
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Piarist Monastery
History
The monastery was built between 1666 and 1676. Now it is a Piarist elementary school, grammar school and student's hostel. The Museum of Upper Nyitra is also located in the building.
Memorials
Statue of St. John of Nepomuk
Socha sv. Ján Nepomucký
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Statue of St. John of Nepomuk
History
The statue was erected in 1757 in Baroque style. It stands in front of the Piarist monastery.
Statue of St. Florian
Socha sv. Floriána
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Statue of St. Florian
History
The original statue was made in 1793 in memory of the great fire in 1787. On the square its replica can be seen.
Marian Column
Mariánsky stĺp
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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Trinity Column
Trojičný stĺp
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
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J\u00e1n Nepomuck\u00fd","address":"Andreja Hlinku 48, 971 01 Prievidza","mapdata":"1|372|272","gps_lat":"48.7728140000","gps_long":"18.6210350000","religion":1,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of St. John of Nepomuk ","seolink":"statue-of-st-john-of-nepomuk","note":"","history":"The statue was erected in 1757 in Baroque style. It stands in front of the Piarist monastery."},{"sightId":714,"townId":35,"active":1,"name_LO":"Socha sv. Flori\u00e1na","address":"Pribinovo n\u00e1mestie","mapdata":"1|559|291","gps_lat":"48.7725570000","gps_long":"18.6243370000","religion":1,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Statue of St. Florian ","seolink":"statue-of-st-florian","note":"","history":"The original statue was made in 1793 in memory of the great fire in 1787. On the square its replica can be seen."},{"sightId":715,"townId":35,"active":1,"name_LO":"Mari\u00e1nsky st\u013ap","address":"Pribinovo n\u00e1mestie 29, 971 01 Prievidza","mapdata":"1|571|235","gps_lat":"48.7732380000","gps_long":"18.6244310000","religion":1,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Marian Column","seolink":"marian-column","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":716,"townId":35,"active":1,"name_LO":"Troji\u010dn\u00fd st\u013ap","address":"N\u00e1mestie slobody, 971 01 Prievidza","mapdata":"1|530|320","gps_lat":"48.7722460000","gps_long":"18.6237580000","religion":1,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Trinity Column ","seolink":"trinity-column","note":"","history":"It was built in 1739."}]},"language":"en","region":"slovakia","regionid":2,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}