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Breznóbánya
Brezno
Breznóbánya
Hungarian:
Breznóbánya
Slovak:
Brezno
German:
Bries, Briesen
Historical Hungarian county:
Zólyom
Country:
Slovakia
District:
Banskobystrický kraj
River:
Garam
Altitude:
498 m
GPS coordinates:
48.806645, 19.643467
Google map:
Population
Population:
21k
Hungarian:
0%
Population in 1910
| Total | 4179 |
|---|---|
| Hungarian | 24.27% |
| Slovak | 73.73% |
The little town is situated in the valley of the Garam River between the Low Tatras and the Gömör-Szepes Ore Mountains. It was founded by Germans invited to Hungary after the devastations of the Mongol Invasion. It became famous for its gold, silver and iron mining. On April 30, 1517, a tragedy struck the town. The lords of Zólyomlipcse Castle, the Nagylucseis, attacked Breznóbánya because of a debate on property. They looted the church and set the parish on fire, where the burghers of the town sought asylum. King Louis II of Hungary sentenced them to death and confiscation of property, but the judgment could not be executed because of the weak royal power. In 1621 the town supporting Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania valiantly resisted the Imperial siege, but finally it was plundered. The iron industry flourished in the town from the 18th century, and its industrial character was also dominant in the 20th century.
Check out other towns in Upper Hungary (Slovakia) as well!
History
Sights
© OpenStreetMap contributors
895
Arrival of the Hungarians
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895
The alliance of the seven Hungarian tribes took possession of the then largely uninhabited Carpathian Basin. Until then, the sparse Slavic population of the north-western Carpathians had lived under Moravian rule for a few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate in the early 9th century.
1000
Foundation of the Hungarian Kingdom
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1000
The Kingdom of Hungary was established with the coronation of King Stephen I. He converted the Hungarians to Christianity and created two archdioceses (Esztergom and Kalocsa) and ten dioceses. He divided Hungary into counties led by ispáns, who were appointed by the king.
1241-1242
Mongol Invasion
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1241-1242
The hordes of the Mongol Empire invaded Hungary and almost completely destroyed it. One third to one half of the population was destroyed. The Mongols also suffered heavy losses in the battle of Muhi and they could not hunt down the king. After their withdrawal, King Béla IV reorganized Hungary. He allowed the feudal lords to build stone castles because they were able to successfully resist the nomadic Mongols. The vast majority of stone castles were built after this. The king called in German, Vlach (Romanian) and Slavic settlers to replace the destroyed population.
after 1242
After the Mongol invasion Germans were settled down in Hungary. They founded the mining settlement.
1265
The town was mentioned for the first time in the diploma of King Béla IV of Hungary as Berezun.
1301
The extinction of the House of Árpád
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1301
The House of Árpád, the first Hungarian royal dynasty, died out with the death of King Andrew III. Hungary was ruled by oligarchs, the most powerful of whom was Csák Máté, whose main ally was the Aba family. King Charles I (1308-1342), supported by the Pope, eventually emerged as the most prominent of the contenders for the Hungarian throne. But it took decades to break the power of the oligarchs.
1380
The town received its privileges from King Louis I of Hungary.
1488
The town was granted the right to hold fairs.
1526
Battle of Mohács and the splitting of Hungary into two parts
Little more...
1526
Sultan Suleiman I launched a war against Vienna, instigated by the French. Ferdinand I, Duke of Austria, was the brother-in-law of King Louis II of Hungary. The army of the Ottoman Empire defeated the much smaller Hungarian army at Mohács, and King Louis II died in the battle. A group of the barons elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the throne, who promised to defend Hungary from the Turks. He was the younger brother of the most powerful European monarch Emperor Charles V. But the nobility chose the most powerful Hungarian baron, Szapolyai János, who was also crowned as King John I. The country was split in two and a decades-long struggle for power began.
April 30, 1517
The lords of Zólyomlipcse Castle, Nagylucsei Domján, László and Gergely attacked Breznóbánya because of a debate on property. They looted the church and set the parish on fire, where the citizens of the town sought asylum. King Louis II of Hungary sentenced them to death and confiscation of property, but they did not let the commissioners of the king near their properties. It was a sign of the weakening royal power in Hungary. Finally in 1523 the king ended the prosecution against them.
1541
The Turkish occupation of the capital, Buda, and the division of Hungary into three parts
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1541
The Turks conquered Buda, the capital of Hungary, after the death of King John I. The central part of the country was under Turkish rule for 150 years. The western and northern parts (including present-day Slovakia) formed the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by the Habsburg emperors. The eastern parts (now mainly under Romanian rule) were ruled by the successors of King John I of Hungary. In 1571, John II (John Sigismund), the son of King John I of Hungary, renounced the title of King of Hungary in favor of King Maximilian of the House of Habsburg, and henceforth held the title of Prince. This formally created the Principality of Transylvania, which was the eastern half of Hungary not ruled by the Habsburgs and was also a vassal of the Ottoman Empire. John II died in 1571, after which the three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Székelys and the Saxons) elected the prince.
1619
The campaign of Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
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1619
At the beginning of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania went to war against the Habsburg emperor as an ally of the rebelling Czech-Moravian-Austrian estates. The whole Kingdom of Hungary joined him, only the Austrian defenders of Pozsony had to be put to the sword. With his allies, he laid siege to Vienna. However, he was forced to abandon the siege because the Habsburg-loyal Hungarian aristocrat Homonnai Drugeth György attacked his heartland with Polish mercenaries. On 25 August 1620, the Diet of Besztercebánya elected Bethlen Gábor King of Hungary as vassal of the Turks. He continued to fight after the defeat of the Czechs at White Mountain on 8 November 1620, but without real chance to achieve decisive victory, he decided to come to an agreement with Emperor Ferdinand II.
early June, 1621
Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania had to withdrew to Kassa temporarily from the Imperial counter-attack. The Imperials took back the mining towns of northern Hungary. Breznóbánya valiantly resisted, but the traitor Széchy György plundered it.
July 5, 1621
After the victory of Egry István at Zólyom, the town was taken back by Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania again.
31 December 1621
Peace of Nikolsburg
Little more...
31 December 1621
Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand II. Their agreement secured the constitutional rights of the Estates of Hungary, and later it was supplemented with the freedom of religion. Bethlen renounced the title of King of Hungary in exchange for seven counties of the Upper Tisza region (Szabolcs, Szatmár, Bereg, Ugocsa, Zemplén, Borsod, Abaúj) for the rest of his life, other estates in Hungary as his private property and the imperial title of Duke of Oppeln and Ratibor (Opole and Racibórz), one of the Duchies of Silesia. Prince Bethlen went to war against the Habsburgs in 1623 and 1626, but was unable to negotiate more favourable terms.
1644-1645
The campaign of Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania in the Thirty Years' War
Little more...
1644-1645
Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania allied with the Swedes and the French in the Thirty Years' War and went to war against the Habsburg Emperor Ferdinand III. On 18 July 1645 his army joined forces with Torstenson's Swedish army under Brno (Moravia). The excellent artillery of Transylvania opened fire on the city walls. However, Rákóczi had to give up the siege, having been informed that the Turks were planning a punitive campaign against Transylvania, because he went to war against the Sultan's prohibition.
early April, 1644
The mining towns surrendered to Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania for a short time.
16 December 1645
Peace of Linz
Little more...
16 December 1645
Prince Rákóczi György I of Transylvania made peace with Emperor Ferdinand III. It secured the freedom of religion for the Protestants and extended it also to the serfs. Rákóczi received the same seven Hungarian counties that Prince Bethlen Gábor had also held (Abauj, Zemplén, Borsod, Bereg, Ugocsa, Szabolcs, Szatmár) until his death, and the counties of Szabolcs and Szatmár were also to be inherited by his sons. The Rákóczi family also received several new estates.
1655
Breznóbánya became a free royal town, but in 1770 the town lost this status.
after 1671
Kuruc Movement
Little more...
after 1671
Many noble, burgher and preacher fled to the Principality of Transylvania and the territory under Turkish occupation from the reprisals after the exposure of the anti-Habsburg Wesselényi-conspiracy and from the violent Counter-Reformation. They were joined by dismissed Hungarian soldiers of the Turkish border forts, who were replaced by German mercenaries. They were called the fugitives (bujdosók). They started an armed movement against the Habsburg rule. Because of the Turkish ban, the Principality of Transylvania could not openly support them. From 1677, the French supported their cause with money and Polish mercenaries. They achieved their first serious success when they temporarily occupied the mining towns of northern Hungary (now central Slovakia) under the command of Thököly lmre. He then became the sole leader of the movement. In 1679, the French made peace with Emperor Leopold I and withdrew their support for the fugitives. Between 1678 and 1681 Thököly Imre led successful raids against the Habsburgs and their supporters in the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary. The insurgents were called kurucs.
1678
Thököly Imre kuruc leader temporarily took control of Breznóbánya.
1682
Thököly Imre, Prince of Upper Hungary
Little more...
1682
Thököly Imre, the leader of the kuruc insurgents, gained the support of the Turks. He launched a campaign against the Habsburgs in the Kingdom of Hungary. With the support of the Turkish army, he occupied the town of Kassa and also the important stronghold of Fülek. He was then recognized by the Turks as King of Hungary, but he chose the title of Prince of Upper Hungary.
1683
Turkish defeat at Vienna and the formation of the Holy League
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1683
The combined armies of the Habsburg Empire and the Kingdom of Poland defeated the Turkish army besieging Vienna. Emperor Leopold I wanted to make peace with the Turks, but was refused by Sultan Mehmed IV. In 1684, at the persistent urging of Pope Innocent XI, the Holy League, an alliance of the Kingdom of Poland, the Habsburg Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Papal States, was formed to expel the Turks from Hungary. Thököly Imre, who had allied himself with the Turks, was gradually driven out of northern Hungary.
1685
The Turkish captivity of Thököly Imre and the fall of the kuruc movement
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1685
The Pasha of Várad captured Thököly Imre as he was asking for Turkish help and offered him to Emperor Leopold I for peace. But the Imperial emissaries laughed at his face, because, having the upper hand, they no longer cared for Thököly. On the news of his capture, the town of Kassa and the kuruc strongholds surrendered to the Emperor one after the other. The Turks, seeing their fatal mistake, released Thököly the following year and tried to restore his authority, but his power was broken forever and the Hungarian insurgents no longer trusted the Turks. Most of the insurgents joined the imperial army and helped to liberate the rest of Hungary from the Turks.
1686
Recapture of Buda and the liberation of Hungary from the Turks
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1686
The army of the Holy League recaptured Buda from the Turks by siege. In 1687, the Imperial army invaded the Principality of Transylvania. The liberation was hindered by the French breaking their promise of peace in 1688 and attacking the Habsburg Empire. By 1699, when the Peace of Karlóca was signed, all of Hungary and Croatia had been liberated from the Ottoman Empire with the exception of Temesköz, the area bounded by the Maros, the Tisza and the Danube rivers. It was not until the Peace of Požarevac in 1718 that Temesköz was liberated from the Turks. However, the continuous war against the Turkish invaders and the Habsburg autocracy, which lasted for more than 150 years, wiped out large areas of the Hungarian population, which had previously made up 80% of the country's population, and was replaced by Vlachs (Romanians), Serbs and other Slavic settlers and Germans. The Habsburgs also favoured the settlement of these foreign peoples over the 'rebellious' Hungarians.
from the 18th century
The iron industry of the town started to develop.
1703-1711
Hungarian War of Independence led by Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II
Little more...
1703-1711
After the expulsion of the Turks, the Habsburgs treated Hungary as a newly conquered province and did not respect its constitution. The serfs rose up against the Habsburg ruler because of the sufferings caused by the war and the heavy burdens, and they invited Rákóczi Ferenc II to lead them. Trusting in the help promised by King Louis XIV of France, he accepted. Rákóczi rallied the nobility to his side, and soon most of the country was under his control. The rebels were called the kurucs. In 1704, the French and the Bavarians were defeated at the Battle of Blenheim, depriving the Hungarians of their international allies. The Rusyn, Slovak and Vlach peasants and the Saxons of Szepes supported the fight for freedom, while the Serbs in the south and the Saxons in Transylvania served the Habsburgs. Due to lack of funds Rákóczi could not raise a strong regular army, and in 1710, Hungary was also hit by a severe plague. Rákóczi tried unsuccessfully to forge an alliance with Tsar Peter the Great of Russia. In his absence, without his knowledge, his commander-in-chief, Károlyi Sándor, accepted Emperor Joseph I's peace offer. The Peace of Szatmár formally restored the Hungarian constitution and religious freedom and granted amnesty, but did not ease the burden of serfdom. Rákóczi refused to accept the pardon and went into exile. He died in Rodosto, Turkey.
1779
A great fire devastated the town.
1848-1849
Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence
Little more...
1848-1849
Following the news of the Paris Revolution on 22 February 1848, the Hungarian liberal opposition led by Kossuth Lajos demanded the abolition of serfdom, the abolition of the tax exemption of the nobility, a parliament elected by the people, and an independent and accountable national government. The revolution that broke out in Pest on 15 March expressed its demands in 12 points, which, in addition to the above mentioned, included the freedom of the press, equality before the law, the release of the political prisoners and the union with Transylvania. A Hungarian government was formed, Batthyány Lajos became prime minister, and on 11 April Emperor Ferdinand V ratified the reform laws. On August 31 the Emperor demanded the repeal of the laws threatening with military intervention. In September the Emperor unleashed the army of Jelacic, Ban of Croatia, on Hungary, but they were defeated by the Hungarians in the Battle of Pákozd on 29 September. An open war began for the independence of Hungary. The Habsburgs incited the nationalities against the Hungarians. The Rusyns, the Slovenes and most of the Slovaks and Germans supported the cause persistently, but the Vlachs (Romanians) and the Serbians turned against the Hungarians. The glorious Spring Campaign in 1849 led by General Görgei Artúr liberated almost all of Hungary. On 1 May 1849, Emperor Franz Joseph, effectively admitting defeat, asked for the help of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, who sent an intervention army of 200,000 soldiers against Hungary. The resistance became hopeless against the overwhelming enemy forces and on 13 August Görgei Artúr surrendered to the Russians at Világos. Bloody reprisals followed, and on 6 October 1849, 12 generals and a colonel of the Hungarian Revolution, the martyrs of Arad, were executed in Arad. On the same day, Batthyány Lajos, the first Hungarian Prime Minister, was executed by firing squad in Pest. The Habsburgs introduced total authoritarianism in Hungary, but they also failed to fulfil their promises to the nationalities that had betrayed the Hungarians.
1867
Austro-Hungarian Compromise
Little more...
1867
The Habsburg Empire was weakened by the defeats it suffered in the implementation of Italian and German unity. The Hungarians wanted to return to the reform laws of 1848, but they did not have the strength to do so. Emperor Franz Joseph and the Hungarian opposition, led by Deák Ferenc, finally agreed to restructure the Empire and abolish absolutism. Hungary was given autonomy in its internal affairs, with its own government and parliament, which was essential for the development of its economy and culture. However, foreign and military affairs remained in the hands of the Habsburgs and served their aspiration for becoming a great power. The majority wanted Hungary's independence, but they were excluded from political power.
1914-1918
World War I
Little more...
1914-1918
As part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Hungary took part in the war on the side of the Central Powers.
November 1918 - January 1919
The Czech, Romanian and Serbian occupation of Hungary
Little more...
November 1918 - January 1919
In Hungary, the freemasonic subversion brought the pro-Entente Károlyi Mihály to power. The new government, naively trusting the Entente powers, met all their demands and disbanded the Hungarian military, which rendered the country completely defenseless in the most dire need. Under French and Italian command, Czech, Romanian and Serbian troops invaded large parts of Hungary, where they immediately began the takeover. They fired Hungarian railway workers, officials and teachers, banned the use of the Hungarian language, abolished Hungarian education, and disposed of everything that reminded them of the country's Hungarian past. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarians were forced to leave their homeland, and the forcible assimilation of the remaining Hungarians was begun.
January 10, 1919
The Czechoslovaks invaded Breznóbánya.
4 June 1920
Trianon Dictate
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4 June 1920
Hungary was forced to sign the Treaty of Trianon, although the country was not invited to the peace talks. Hungary lost two thirds of its territory that had belonged to it for more than 1000 years. One-third of the Hungarian population came under foreign rule. On the basis of the national principle, countries with a more mixed and less ethnically balanced composition than the former Hungary were created, such as Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). For example, while 48% of the population of the territory ceded to Czechoslovakia was Slovak and 30% Hungarian, 54% of the population of the former Hungary was Hungarian and 10.6% Slovak. And in the territory that is now part of Serbia, the Hungarians outnumbered the Serbs. The part of the territory allocated to Romania from Hungary was larger than the remaining territory of Hungary, despite the fact that there were 10 million Hungarians and less than 3 million Romanians in the former Hungary. While Hungary used to have the most liberal nationality policy in Europe, the successor states had no respect at all for the national and cultural rights of the indigenous Hungarians and engaged in forced assimilation. The Trianon Dictate destroyed the organic economic unity of the region. Before the First World War, Hungary had a dynamic economy, more advanced than Spain's. After 1920, the successor states formed the so-called "Little Entente", putting Hungary under an economic blockade and sabotaging it on the international stage.
14 March 1939
First independent Slovakia was established
Little more...
14 March 1939
The first independent Slovakia was established under German patronage. Josef Tiso became president of the country. In 1938, Hungary regained 11,927 km2 of territory from Czechoslovakia under the First Vienna Award. Its population was 869 thousand people, 86.5% of whom were Hungarian. From the remaining territory that Hungary did not get back, Slovakia was formed.
Autumn 1944 - Spring 1945
Soviet occupation
Little more...
Autumn 1944 - Spring 1945
The Soviet Red Army occupied Hungary and Slovakia, which resulted in the recreation of Czechoslovakia.
5 April 1945
Beneš decrees and the persecution of Hungarians
Little more...
5 April 1945
In Hungarian-majority Kassa, the president of occupying Czechoslovakia, Edvard Beneš, promulgated his government program, the so-called Beneš decrees. As part of this, the Hungarian population was deprived of their rights. Their complete expulsion was planned, with the support of the Soviet Union, and only the veto of the USA prevented it. Under the 'Reslavakization' programme, only those Hungarians who recognised themselves as Slovaks were allowed to regain their rights, thus renouncing all linguistic and cultural rights. In the violent expulsions that followed, nearly 200,000 Hungarians were deprived of their property and expelled from their homeland on the basis of their nationality.
1 January 1993
Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
Little more...
1 January 1993
Czechoslovakia disintegrated due to ethnic differences between Czechs and Slovaks, shortly after the withdrawal of Soviet tanks. Slovakia was formed entirely from territory carved out of historic Hungary, and Slovak national identity is still largely based on falsified history and artificial hatred of Hungarians. Despite deportations, expulsions, forced assimilation and strong economic pressure, there are still nearly half a million Hungarians living in the country.
Source: Wikipedia, arcanum.hu - Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme
Sights
All
Churches, religious buildings
Public buildings
Town infrastructure
Private buildings
Memorials
Museums and Galleries
Churches, religious buildings
Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven
Rímsko-katolícky kostol nanebovzatia Panny Márie
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Roman Catholic
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Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven
History
In 1380 Breznóbánya became a free royal town. The first church of the town was likely built from wood earlier, and it stood on the site of the current tower. It was dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven.
On April 30, 1517 the Nagylucsei Dóczy family attacked Breznóbánya because of a dispute on property. The sanctuary of the church was guarded by two priests, who were unwilling to hand over the keys to the attackers. They were slain and the church was looted and burned. The new church was built in a different location. It was consecrated in 1520. The church was fortified by walls in 1578.
The Lutherans took over the church around 1553. The Catholics, namely the Piarist order, recovered the church in 1673 thanks to Archbishop Szelepcsényi György of Esztergom. The church was given back to the Lutherans by Thököly Imre, the leader of the kuruc insurgents, in 1682 and they held it until1687. From 1705 to 1711 during the Hungarian War of Independence led by Prince Rákóczi Ferenc II, the church could be used by the Lutherans again.
The church that can be seen today was built between 1782 and 1785 in Baroque-Classicist style on the site of the former Gothic church that burned down. It inherited the nave of the old church. The tower was built between 1792 and 1793.
Lutheran Church
Evanjelický kostol
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Lutheran
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Lutheran Church
History
The church was built between 1785 and 1787 in Classicist style. The tower was added between 1863 and 1864. The facade of the church was modified in Historicist and Art-Nouveau style in 1906.
Chapel of the Holy Cross
Kaplnka Svätého kríža
Originally:
chapel
Currently:
chapel
Church:
Roman Catholic
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Chapel of the Holy Cross
History
Piarist Monastery
Originally:
monastery / nunnery / canon's house / provost residence
Currently:
public administration
Church:
Roman Catholic
Note:
District Office.
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Piarist Monastery
History
The monastery was built between 1694 and 1713. A statue of Virgin Mary from the 15th century stands in its chapel.
Synagogue
Originally:
synagogue
Currently:
exhibition hall, event center
Church:
Jewish
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Synagogue
History
The synagogue was built in 1902.
Public buildings
Town Hall, Ethnographic Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
Horehronské múzeum
Originally:
town hall
Currently:
museum
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Town Hall, Ethnographic Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
History
The town hall was built in the 16th century in Renaissance style. It was reconstructed in Classicist style in 1779.
Town infrastructure
Tower
Mestská veža
Creator:Juraj Haviar / Public domain
Originally:
bell tower
Currently:
bell tower
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Tower
History
The 31 meters high tower was completed in 1830.
Private buildings
Benedik House, Historical Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
Originally:
house
Currently:
museum
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Benedik House, Historical Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
History
Two one-story buildings from the beginning of the 16th century were connected with a semicircular portal around 1650. A floor was added to the building and it was also expanded with a new wing in the direction of the courtyard. Its fist known owner was the Benedik family from the 17th century. They were engaged in logging, metallurgy, iron processing, sheep-breeding, but they also run an inn, leased a tobacco shop and had the right to brew beer.
The building burned down in a fire in 1779. In 1784 Benedik Dániel, the captain of the town, renovated it. The building gained its present appearance in a reconstruction in the 1980s, when it was restored to its form of the year 1779.
Now the building hosts the historical exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region.
Memorials
Plague Column
Originally:
statue / memorial / relief
Currently:
statue / memorial / relief
Church:
Roman Catholic
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Visit
Plague Column
History
It was erected in 1741.
Museums and Galleries
Synagogue
Originally:
synagogue
Currently:
exhibition hall, event center
Church:
Jewish
Show on map
Visit
Synagogue
History
The synagogue was built in 1902.
Town Hall, Ethnographic Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
Horehronské múzeum
Originally:
town hall
Currently:
museum
Show on map
Visit
Town Hall, Ethnographic Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
History
The town hall was built in the 16th century in Renaissance style. It was reconstructed in Classicist style in 1779.
Benedik House, Historical Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
Originally:
house
Currently:
museum
Show on map
Visit
Benedik House, Historical Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region
History
Two one-story buildings from the beginning of the 16th century were connected with a semicircular portal around 1650. A floor was added to the building and it was also expanded with a new wing in the direction of the courtyard. Its fist known owner was the Benedik family from the 17th century. They were engaged in logging, metallurgy, iron processing, sheep-breeding, but they also run an inn, leased a tobacco shop and had the right to brew beer.
The building burned down in a fire in 1779. In 1784 Benedik Dániel, the captain of the town, renovated it. The building gained its present appearance in a reconstruction in the 1980s, when it was restored to its form of the year 1779.
Now the building hosts the historical exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region.
Check out other towns in Upper Hungary (Slovakia) as well!
{"item":"town","set":{"mapcenter":{"lat":"48.8066450000","long":"19.6434670000"},"townlink":"breznobanya-brezno","town":{"townId":38,"active":1,"name_HU":"Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya","name_LO":"Brezno","name_GE":"Bries; Briesen","name_LT":"","seolink":"breznobanya-brezno","listorder":39,"oldcounty":12,"country":2,"division":6,"altitude":"498","gps_lat":"48.8066450000","gps_long":"19.6434670000","population":21,"hungarian_2011":0,"population_1910":4179,"hungarian_1910":24.27,"german_1910":0,"slovak_1910":73.73,"romanian_1910":0,"rusin_1910":0,"serbian_1910":0,"croatian_1910":0,"slovenian_1910":0,"coatofarms":"","coatofarms_ref":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Jacquesverlaeken \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_Museum_40342.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno Museum 40342\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/66\/Brezno_Museum_40342.jpg\/512px-Brezno_Museum_40342.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_Museum_40342.jpg\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EJacquesverlaeken\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","georegion":"Upper-Garam Basin","river":"Garam","description":"The little town is situated in the valley of the Garam River between the Low Tatras and the G\u00f6m\u00f6r-Szepes Ore Mountains. It was founded by Germans invited to Hungary after the devastations of the Mongol Invasion. It became famous for its gold, silver and iron mining. On April 30, 1517, a tragedy struck the town. The lords of Z\u00f3lyomlipcse Castle, the Nagylucseis, attacked Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya because of a debate on property. They looted the church and set the parish on fire, where the burghers of the town sought asylum. King Louis II of Hungary sentenced them to death and confiscation of property, but the judgment could not be executed because of the weak royal power. In 1621 the town supporting Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor of Transylvania valiantly resisted the Imperial siege, but finally it was plundered. The iron industry flourished in the town from the 18th century, and its industrial character was also dominant in the 20th century.","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@#3|@#5|@after 1242|After the Mongol invasion Germans were settled down in Hungary. They founded the mining settlement.@1265|The town was mentioned for the first time in the diploma of King B\u00e9la IV of Hungary as Berezun.@#6|@1380|The town received its privileges from King Louis I of Hungary.@1488|The town was granted the right to hold fairs.@#8|@April 30, 1517|The lords of Z\u00f3lyomlipcse Castle, Nagylucsei Domj\u00e1n, L\u00e1szl\u00f3 and Gergely attacked Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya because of a debate on property. They looted the church and set the parish on fire, where the citizens of the town sought asylum. King Louis II of Hungary sentenced them to death and confiscation of property, but they did not let the commissioners of the king near their properties. It was a sign of the weakening royal power in Hungary. Finally in 1523 the king ended the prosecution against them.@#11|@#15|@early June, 1621|Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor of Transylvania had to withdrew to Kassa temporarily from the Imperial counter-attack. The Imperials took back the mining towns of northern Hungary. Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya valiantly resisted, but the traitor Sz\u00e9chy Gy\u00f6rgy plundered it.@July 5, 1621|After the victory of Egry Istv\u00e1n at Z\u00f3lyom, the town was taken back by Prince Bethlen G\u00e1bor of Transylvania again.@#16|@#17|@early April, 1644|The mining towns surrendered to Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy I of Transylvania for a short time.@#18|@1655|Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya became a free royal town, but in 1770 the town lost this status.@#21|@1678|Th\u00f6k\u00f6ly Imre kuruc leader temporarily took control of Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya.@#22|@#23|@#24|@#25|@from the 18th century|The iron industry of the town started to develop.@#27|@1779|A great fire devastated the town.@#28|@#30|@#31|@#32|@January 10, 1919|The Czechoslovaks invaded Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya.@#36|@#38|@#41|@#42|@#44|&"},"sights":[{"sightId":751,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"Horehronsk\u00e9 m\u00fazeum","address":"N\u00e1m. gen. M. R. \u0160tef\u00e1nika 47\/55","mapdata":"1|461|430","gps_lat":"48.8067940000","gps_long":"19.6437540000","religion":0,"oldtype":"12","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.horehronskemuzeum.sk\/index.php\/expozicie\/zivot-a-kultura-ludu-na-horehroni.html","openinghours":"https:\/\/horehronskemuzeum.sk\/index.php\/otv-hodiny.html","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Ing.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno16Slovakia11\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/24\/Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\/512px-Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EIng.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Town Hall, Ethnographic Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region ","seolink":"town-hall-ethnographic-exhibition-of-the-museum-of-upper-garam-region","note":"","history":"The town hall was built in the 16th century in Renaissance style. It was reconstructed in Classicist style in 1779."},{"sightId":752,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"Mestsk\u00e1 ve\u017ea","address":"N\u00e1mestie gener\u00e1la \u0160tef\u00e1nika","mapdata":"1|459|491","gps_lat":"48.8061080000","gps_long":"19.6437700000","religion":0,"oldtype":"13","newtype":"13","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Creator:Juraj Haviar \/ Public domain\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno,_zvonica.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno, zvonica\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/be\/Brezno%2C_zvonica.jpg\/256px-Brezno%2C_zvonica.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno,_zvonica.jpg\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003ECreator:Juraj Haviar\u003C\/a\u003E \/ Public domain","name":"Tower","seolink":"tower","note":"","history":"The 31 meters high tower was completed in 1830."},{"sightId":753,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"R\u00edmsko-katol\u00edcky kostol nanebovzatia Panny M\u00e1rie","address":"N\u00e1m. gen. M. R. \u0160tef\u00e1nika 46, 977 01 Brezno","mapdata":"1|440|417","gps_lat":"48.8068560000","gps_long":"19.6433910000","religion":1,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"http:\/\/brezno.fara.sk\/dejiny-farnosti-v-16-az-19-storoci\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Ing.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno16Slovakia11\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/24\/Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\/512px-Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia11.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EIng.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven","seolink":"church-of-the-assumption-of-the-blessed-virgin-mary-into-heaven","note":"","history":"In 1380 Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya became a free royal town. The first church of the town was likely built from wood earlier, and it stood on the site of the current tower. It was dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven.@On April 30, 1517 the Nagylucsei D\u00f3czy family attacked Brezn\u00f3b\u00e1nya because of a dispute on property. The sanctuary of the church was guarded by two priests, who were unwilling to hand over the keys to the attackers. They were slain and the church was looted and burned. The new church was built in a different location. It was consecrated in 1520. The church was fortified by walls in 1578.@The Lutherans took over the church around 1553. The Catholics, namely the Piarist order, recovered the church in 1673 thanks to Archbishop Szelepcs\u00e9nyi Gy\u00f6rgy of Esztergom. The church was given back to the Lutherans by Th\u00f6k\u00f6ly Imre, the leader of the kuruc insurgents, in 1682 and they held it until1687. From 1705 to 1711 during the Hungarian War of Independence led by Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Ferenc II, the church could be used by the Lutherans again.@The church that can be seen today was built between 1782 and 1785 in Baroque-Classicist style on the site of the former Gothic church that burned down. It inherited the nave of the old church. The tower was built between 1792 and 1793."},{"sightId":754,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"Evanjelick\u00fd kostol","address":"Chalupkova 16, 977 01 Brezno","mapdata":"1|527|261","gps_lat":"48.8086020000","gps_long":"19.6451460000","religion":3,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Photograph: Patrik Kunec \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_-_evanjelick%C3%BD_kostol.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno - evanjelick\u00fd kostol\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/71\/Brezno_-_evanjelick%C3%BD_kostol.JPG\/256px-Brezno_-_evanjelick%C3%BD_kostol.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_-_evanjelick%C3%BD_kostol.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EPhotograph: Patrik Kunec\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Lutheran Church ","seolink":"lutheran-church","note":"","history":"The church was built between 1785 and 1787 in Classicist style. The tower was added between 1863 and 1864. The facade of the church was modified in Historicist and Art-Nouveau style in 1906."},{"sightId":755,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"N\u00e1mestie gener\u00e1la \u0160tef\u00e1nika","mapdata":"1|490|525","gps_lat":"48.8057780000","gps_long":"19.6442880000","religion":1,"oldtype":"5","newtype":"15","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Ing.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia5.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno16Slovakia5\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/da\/Brezno16Slovakia5.JPG\/512px-Brezno16Slovakia5.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia5.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EIng.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Piarist Monastery ","seolink":"piarist-monastery","note":"District Office.","history":"The monastery was built between 1694 and 1713. A statue of Virgin Mary from the 15th century stands in its chapel."},{"sightId":756,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"N\u00e1mestie gener\u00e1la \u0160tef\u00e1nika","mapdata":"1|476|482","gps_lat":"48.8061290000","gps_long":"19.6440080000","religion":1,"oldtype":"38","newtype":"38","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Ing.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia22.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno16Slovakia22\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/3d\/Brezno16Slovakia22.JPG\/256px-Brezno16Slovakia22.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno16Slovakia22.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EIng.Mgr.Jozef Kotuli\u010d\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Plague Column ","seolink":"plague-column","note":"","history":"It was erected in 1741."},{"sightId":757,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"\u0160t\u00farova 888, 977 01 Brezno","mapdata":"1|594|594","gps_lat":"48.8049520000","gps_long":"19.6459670000","religion":6,"oldtype":"8","newtype":"105, 106","homepage":"https:\/\/www.najkrajsikraj.sk\/brezno-zidovska-synagoga\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Photograph: Patrik Kunec \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_-_synag%C3%B3ga_-_2016.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno - synag\u00f3ga - 2016\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/38\/Brezno_-_synag%C3%B3ga_-_2016.JPG\/256px-Brezno_-_synag%C3%B3ga_-_2016.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_-_synag%C3%B3ga_-_2016.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EPhotograph: Patrik Kunec\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Synagogue","seolink":"synagogue","note":"","history":"The synagogue was built in 1902."},{"sightId":758,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"N\u00e1mestie gener\u00e1la \u0160tef\u00e1nika 13, 977 01 Brezno","mapdata":"1|407|358","gps_lat":"48.8075590000","gps_long":"19.6428480000","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/www.horehronskemuzeum.sk\/index.php\/expozicie\/brezno-v-premenach-casu.html","openinghours":"https:\/\/www.horehronskemuzeum.sk\/index.php\/otv-hodiny.html","muemlekemlink":"https:\/\/www.muemlekem.hu\/hatareset\/Benedik-haz-Breznobanya-1696","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Photograph: Patrik Kunec \/ CC BY-SA (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0)\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_-_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nikovo_n%C3%A1m._%C4%8D._13.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Brezno - \u0160tef\u00e1nikovo n\u00e1m. \u010d. 13\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0f\/Brezno_-_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nikovo_n%C3%A1m._%C4%8D._13.JPG\/512px-Brezno_-_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nikovo_n%C3%A1m._%C4%8D._13.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brezno_-_%C5%A0tef%C3%A1nikovo_n%C3%A1m._%C4%8D._13.JPG\u0022 title=\u0022via Wikimedia Commons\u0022\u003EPhotograph: Patrik Kunec\u003C\/a\u003E \/ \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA\u003C\/a\u003E","name":"Benedik House, Historical Exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region ","seolink":"benedik-house-historical-exhibition-of-the-museum-of-upper-garam-region","note":"","history":"Two one-story buildings from the beginning of the 16th century were connected with a semicircular portal around 1650. A floor was added to the building and it was also expanded with a new wing in the direction of the courtyard. Its fist known owner was the Benedik family from the 17th century. They were engaged in logging, metallurgy, iron processing, sheep-breeding, but they also run an inn, leased a tobacco shop and had the right to brew beer.@The building burned down in a fire in 1779. In 1784 Benedik D\u00e1niel, the captain of the town, renovated it. The building gained its present appearance in a reconstruction in the 1980s, when it was restored to its form of the year 1779.@Now the building hosts the historical exhibition of the Museum of Upper-Garam Region."},{"sightId":759,"townId":38,"active":1,"name_LO":"Kaplnka Sv\u00e4t\u00e9ho kr\u00ed\u017ea","address":"Cintor\u00ednska 181, 977 01 Brezno","mapdata":"1|570|230","gps_lat":"48.8090300000","gps_long":"19.6456420000","religion":1,"oldtype":"2","newtype":"2","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"\r","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Chapel of the Holy Cross ","seolink":"chapel-of-the-holy-cross","note":"","history":""}]},"language":"en","region":"slovakia","regionid":2,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}