Resicabánya
Reșița
Resicabánya
Hungarian:
Resicabánya
Romanian:
Reșița
German:
Reschitz
Aisano, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Historical Hungarian county:
Krassó-Szörény
Country:
Romania
County:
Caraș-Severin
River:
Berzava
Altitude:
208 m
GPS coordinates:
45.294542, 21.901027
Google map:
Population
Population:
69k
Hungarian:
2.15%
Population in 1910
| Total | 17384 |
|---|---|
| Hungarian | 15.6% |
| German | 54.27% |
| Slovak | 3.16% |
| Vlach | 21.84% |
The settlement was first mentioned in Turkish times. In 1716 the imperial army of Prince Eugene of Savoy expelled the Turks from Temesvár. During the Turkish Wars, the area of Temesköz, once inhabited mostly by Hungarians, was completely depopulated. The Habsburgs created the Banate of Temes with the seat of Temesvár in the area. Hungarians were forbidden to return to the area, and it was repopulated with German, Serbian and Vlach settlers. The development of copper mining and metallurgy then began, with German settlers being brought in to facilitate this and Németresica was founded. The area became part of Hungary again in 1778. In 1793, the production of munitions also began. In 1848, the town sided with the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence and the factory was converted to supply the revolutionary troops with munitions. The town repulsed initial attacks by pro-Hapsburg Serb and Vlach border guards, but was finally captured by the overwhelming force in December. Later, during the 19th century, the production of railway rails and steel railway bridges started, and in 1872 the first steam locomotive, the Resicza, was manufactured here in Hungary. Resicabánya became a stronghold of iron and steel metallurgy. During the First World War, arms and ammunition production became the main profile of the Resica factories. In 1924, after the Romanian occupation, it was the first in Romania to manufacture oil rigs, and later became a regular production site for oil mining equipment for the Romanian oil fields. Under socialism, most of the town was demolished and a new town was built in its place in socialist style.
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History
Sights
© OpenStreetMap contributors
895
Arrival of the Hungarians
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895
The alliance of the seven Hungarian tribes took possession of the then largely uninhabited Carpathian Basin. Until then, the sparse Slavic population of the north-western Carpathians had lived under Moravian rule for a few decades after the collapse of the Avar Khaganate in the early 9th century.
1000
Foundation of the Hungarian Kingdom
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1000
The Kingdom of Hungary was established with the coronation of King Stephen I. He converted the Hungarians to Christianity and created two archdioceses (Esztergom and Kalocsa) and ten dioceses. He divided Hungary into counties led by ispáns, who were appointed by the king.
1241-1242
Mongol Invasion
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1241-1242
The hordes of the Mongol Empire invaded Hungary and almost completely destroyed it. One third to one half of the population was destroyed. The Mongols also suffered heavy losses in the battle of Muhi and they could not hunt down the king. After their withdrawal, King Béla IV reorganized Hungary. He allowed the feudal lords to build stone castles because they were able to successfully resist the nomadic Mongols. The vast majority of stone castles were built after this. The king called in German, Vlach (Romanian) and Slavic settlers to replace the destroyed population.
1301
The extinction of the House of Árpád
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1301
The House of Árpád, the first Hungarian royal dynasty, died out with the death of King Andrew III. Hungary was ruled by oligarchs, the most powerful of whom was Csák Máté, whose main ally was the Aba family. King Charles I (1308-1342), supported by the Pope, eventually emerged as the most prominent of the contenders for the Hungarian throne. But it took decades to break the power of the oligarchs.
1370
Borzafő Castle was mentioned for the first time, which is assumed to have been standing near the present day settlement. It was the seat of a privileged Vlach district in the 15th century, and the Teutonic Order owned it between 1429 and 1435, who were settled in Hungary by King Sigismund to protect the borders against the Turks.
1526
Battle of Mohács and the splitting of Hungary into two parts
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1526
Sultan Suleiman I launched a war against Vienna, instigated by the French. Ferdinand I, Duke of Austria, was the brother-in-law of King Louis II of Hungary. The army of the Ottoman Empire defeated the much smaller Hungarian army at Mohács, and King Louis II died in the battle. A group of the barons elected Ferdinand I of the House of Habsburg to the throne, who promised to defend Hungary from the Turks. He was the younger brother of the most powerful European monarch Emperor Charles V. But the nobility chose the most powerful Hungarian baron, Szapolyai János, who was also crowned as King John I. The country was split in two and a decades-long struggle for power began.
1541
The Turkish occupation of the capital, Buda, and the division of Hungary into three parts
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1541
The Turks conquered Buda, the capital of Hungary, after the death of King John I. The central part of the country was under Turkish rule for 150 years. The western and northern parts (including present-day Slovakia) formed the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by the Habsburg emperors. The eastern parts (now mainly under Romanian rule) were ruled by the successors of King John I of Hungary, who later established the Principality of Transylvania.
1554
The settlement was mentioned for the first time in a defter (a Turkish register) as Rıčiča (in modern Turkish transcript). Its name comes from the South Slavic rečica word meaning tiny river.
1683
Turkish defeat at Vienna and the formation of the Holy League
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1683
The combined armies of the Habsburg Empire and the Kingdom of Poland defeated the Turkish army besieging Vienna. Emperor Leopold I wanted to make peace with the Turks, but was refused by Sultan Mehmed IV. In 1684, at the persistent urging of Pope Innocent XI, the Holy League, an alliance of the Kingdom of Poland, the Habsburg Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Papal States, was formed to expel the Turks from Hungary. Thököly Imre, who had allied himself with the Turks, was gradually driven out of northern Hungary.
1686
Recapture of Buda and the liberation of Hungary from the Turks
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1686
The army of the Holy League recaptured Buda from the Turks by siege. In 1687, the Imperial army invaded the Principality of Transylvania. The liberation was hindered by the French breaking their promise of peace in 1688 and attacking the Habsburg Empire. By 1699, when the Peace of Karlóca was signed, all of Hungary and Croatia had been liberated from the Ottoman Empire with the exception of Temesköz, the area bounded by the Maros, the Tisza and the Danube rivers. It was not until the Peace of Požarevac in 1718 that Temesköz was liberated from the Turks. However, the continuous war against the Turkish invaders and the Habsburg autocracy, which lasted for more than 150 years, wiped out large areas of the Hungarian population, which had previously made up 80% of the country's population, and was replaced by Vlachs (Romanians), Serbs and other Slavic settlers and Germans. The Habsburgs also favoured the settlement of these foreign peoples over the 'rebellious' Hungarians.
1716
A new war broke out between the Habsburg and the Ottoman empires. After his victory at Pétervárad, Prince Eugene of Savoy attacked Temesvár. Cannonading destroyed most of the town in the siege that lasted 48 days until finally Pasha Mustafa surrendered.
1716
Prince Eugene of Savoy entrusted Claude Florimond de Mercy with the governance of Temesköz (the area bounded by the rivers Maros, Tisza and Danube). Mercy was later appointed civil and military leader of the Bánság of Temes by King Charles IV of Hungary (Emperor Charles VI).
between 1718 and 1723
The government started to develop copper mining and metallurgy. Miners, metallurgists and craftsmen arrived from the neighbourhoods of Schwaz and Kitzbühel in Tirol, Möllersdorf in Lower Austria and from other mining settlements of Hungary (Szomolnok, Selmecbánya, Besztercebánya).
1719
Temesvár became the seat of the Bánság of Temes. Temesköz was not reincorporated into Hungary, but was governed separately from Vienna under the name of Bánság of Temes. The Habsburgs wanted to repopulate the area with Roman Catholic Germans and to make it an Austrian province, part of the Erblande (the Hereditary Lands of the Habsburgs). Habsburg rulers aimed to divide Hungary into separate parts and Germanize them one by one. To this end, they forbade the return of Hungarians to the Bánság of Temes, which was a Hungarian majority area before the Turkish invasion. Instead, the area was repopulated by German, Vlach and Serbian migrants.
1738
The settlement was destroyed in the Turkish war.
1751
Empress Maria Theresia reorganized the administration of the Bánság of Temes. 8 of the 11 districts were removed from military governance and placed under civil administration , but the emperor exercised absolute power over the area. Of the remaining three districts, she organised the Military Border Region of Bánság.
1769–71
The royal chamber established Resicabánya (Németresica), north of Románresica in 1769–71. Its first inhabitants arrived from Salzkammergut, the neighbourhood of Aussee in Styria and Bogsán (Boksánbánya, 15 kilometres north of Resicabánya). They started to build the factory. They were joined by 170–180 Vlach men from the neighbourhood and 71 German families from Austria in 1776. The first two seven m³ iron smelters, the Franciscus and the Josephus was put into operation in 1771, and a 3 and a half kilometres long industrial channel was built, draining the water of the river Berzava. Today it is called Schmelzgraben and it has been completely covered by now, only the inflow can be seen.
1778
At the demand of the Estates of Hungary, Empress Maria Theresia returned the area of the Bánság of Temes that was under civil governance to Hungary. This ended the unconstitutional status of the area and the counties of Torontál, Temes and Krassó, which ceased to exist due to the Turkish conquest, were formed. Hungarians were no longer prohibited from settling in the area. Hungarians started to move to Temesköz in larger numbers but they could never regain their former majority. The area was continued to be called simply Bánság (Banat refers to its eastern part that belongs to Romania now, and it is the simple translation of the Hungarian Bánság).
1781
30 thousand hectares of forest was assigned to fuel the factories.
1783
The settlement was granted the privilege to hold two country fairs a year.
1789
The mining school was moved from Oravica to Resicabánya, after Oravica was sacked by the Turks.
1793
The Kingdom of Naples ordered 20 thousand grenades from the factories of Resicabánya, which were engaged in manufacturing munitions as well from then on.
1793–98
Many Vlachs migrated to Resicabánya from Oltenia (the western part of Wallachia, west of the Olt River).
between 1805 and 1816
Three large iron smelters were constructed.
1846
The factories were modernized and converted to be fuelled by coal mined in Domán and Székul. Steam engines were manufactured for the first time in the countries of the Hungarian Crown here for the blowers of the large smelters. A horse-drawn industrial railway was also built.
1846–47
Two hundred Slovak families were settled here from Szepes and Liptó counties.
1848-1849
Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence
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1848-1849
Following the news of the Paris Revolution on 22 February 1848, the Hungarian liberal opposition led by Kossuth Lajos demanded the abolition of serfdom, the abolition of the tax exemption of the nobility, a parliament elected by the people, and an independent and accountable national government. The revolution that broke out in Pest on 15 March expressed its demands in 12 points, which, in addition to the above mentioned, included the freedom of the press, equality before the law, the release of the political prisoners and the union with Transylvania. A Hungarian government was formed, Batthyány Lajos became prime minister, and on 11 April Emperor Ferdinand V ratified the reform laws. On August 31 the Emperor demanded the repeal of the laws threatening with military intervention. In September the Emperor unleashed the army of Jelacic, Ban of Croatia, on Hungary, but they were defeated by the Hungarians in the Battle of Pákozd on 29 September. An open war began for the independence of Hungary. The Habsburgs incited the nationalities against the Hungarians. The Rusyns, the Slovenes and most of the Slovaks and Germans supported the cause persistently, but the Vlachs (Romanians) and the Serbians turned against the Hungarians. The glorious Spring Campaign in 1849 led by General Görgei Artúr liberated almost all of Hungary. On 1 May 1849, Emperor Franz Joseph, effectively admitting defeat, asked for the help of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, who sent an intervention army of 200,000 soldiers against Hungary. The resistance became hopeless against the overwhelming enemy forces and on 13 August Görgei Artúr surrendered to the Russians at Világos. Bloody reprisals followed, and on 6 October 1849, 12 generals and a colonel of the Hungarian Revolution, the martyrs of Arad, were executed in Arad. On the same day, Batthyány Lajos, the first Hungarian Prime Minister, was executed by firing squad in Pest. The Habsburgs introduced total authoritarianism in Hungary, but they also failed to fulfil their promises to the nationalities that had betrayed the Hungarians.
May 1848
Serbian migrants started a rebellion and created an autonomous region called Serbian Voivodina. Their goal was to secede the territory from Hungary and unite it with Serbia. Volunteers arrived from the Principality of Serbia, which was under Turkish protectorate, to support them in order to create Greater Serbia. The rebellious Serbs fought on the side of the Habsburgs to crush the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence. The Serbs began a large-scale ethnic cleansing campaign in Hungarian and Vlach villages, which extended to the area of Bánság.
spring 1848
The inhabitants of Németresica formed the national guard („Bürger-Garde”). Szlávy József, Graenzenstein Gusztáv and Zsigmondy Vilmos converted the factory to supply the Hungarian revolutionary army with munitions. At the beginning of November, trenches were dug around the settlement to protect it from the Serb border regiments that supported the Habsburg ruler.
November 15, 1848
The Serb border guards led by Captain Dodg launched an attack, but it was repelled by the garrison.
December 18, 1848
The Vlach border regiment of Karánsebes under the command of Traian Doda demanded the settlement’s surrender. The wealthier citizens of Resica were inclined to surrender, but the majority (including Gheorghe Pocrean Orthodox priest) wanted to resist. The first assault was successfully repelled, but the enemy attacked again on the 24th and heavily outnumbered the defenders. The border regiment took Resica the next day and set the factories on fire. Georg Herglotz, the commander of the National Guard and the owner of the coal mine in Székul, fell in the fights.
after 1849
After the Hungarian War of Independence was suppressed by the Russian intervention, the Habsburg emperor created the province called Serb Vajdaság and Bánság of Temes from the former territories of the Bánság of Temes and some parts of Serbian Voivodina declared arbitrarily by the Serbian rebels. This province was controlled directly from Vienna. This meant that the Habsburg emperor did not fulfil the Serb's demands, in return for which they turned against the Hungarians. None of the nationalities (Hungarians, Germans, Vlachs, Serbians) were anywhere near a majority in the new province.
from 1851
Rails were manufactured for railway tracks as well.
1853
The Franz Joseph gallery was put into operation and coal mining started in Resicabánya.
1855
The newly established StEG (renamed to Austro-Hungarian Railway Company from 1883) received a 90 years concession for Resica and the 1300 km² industrial area of Bánság. Resica became the centre for the company’s mining and metallurgy operations.
1858
Resicabánya (Németresica) was organized to a settlement independent from the factory. Its first notary was the Hungarian Bíró Béla.
1859
The brickworks producing fireproof (samott) bricks was put into operation.
1860
The province called Serb Vajdaság and Bánság of Temes (created in 1849) was abolished and the area was re-incorporated into Hungary. This was part of the October Diploma issued by Emperor Franz Joseph, which brought a minor ease in Habsburg absolutism.
1867
Austro-Hungarian Compromise
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1867
The Habsburg Empire was weakened by the defeats it suffered in the implementation of Italian and German unity. The Hungarians wanted to return to the reform laws of 1848, but they did not have the strength to do so. Emperor Franz Joseph and the Hungarian opposition, led by Deák Ferenc, finally agreed to restructure the Empire and abolish absolutism. Hungary was given autonomy in its internal affairs, with its own government and parliament, which was essential for the development of its economy and culture. However, foreign and military affairs remained in the hands of the Habsburgs and served their aspiration for becoming a great power. The majority wanted Hungary's independence, but they were excluded from political power.
1870
Steel rail bridge manufacturing started in Resicabánya. From 1871 rails were also manufactured in the steel rail rolling mill.
1872
Steam powered locomotives were manufactured here for the first time in Hungary. The first one was called Resicza, and it was produced for the narrow-gauge railway of the factory. Two more were manufactured next year, the Bogsán and the Hungária.
1876
The first Siemens–Martin furnace of Hungary and the connected rolling mill was constructed, which manufactured steel tires for the wheels of railroad cars.
1882
The manufacturing of road bridges was started besides rail bridges. The first bridge manufactured in Resica was the bridge over the Tisza River in Szeged (Hungary), which was later destroyed.
1886
The school of metallurgy was reorganized, and Hungarian became the teaching language in 1894. The school moved to a new building in 1900.
1890’s
The iron and steel metallurgy plant built new large smelters in place of the four old ones. At the end of the century the factory produced 45 thousand tonnes of crude iron a year.
1911
Resicabánya and Románresica was united, but the district seat was still not granted town status. It belonged to the united Krassó-Szörény County since 1881.
from 1910
Weapons were also manufactured in Resica. During the First World War, the factories of Resica manufactured mainly weapons and munitions.
1914-1918
World War I
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1914-1918
As part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Hungary took part in the war on the side of the Central Powers.
1916
On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).
1918
On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compiègne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.
November 1918 - January 1919
The Czech, Romanian and Serbian occupation of Hungary
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November 1918 - January 1919
In Hungary, the freemasonic subversion brought the pro-Entente Károlyi Mihály to power. The new government, naively trusting the Entente powers, met all their demands and disbanded the Hungarian military, which rendered the country completely defenseless in the most dire need. Under French and Italian command, Czech, Romanian and Serbian troops invaded large parts of Hungary, where they immediately began the takeover. They fired Hungarian railway workers, officials and teachers, banned the use of the Hungarian language, abolished Hungarian education, and disposed of everything that reminded them of the country's Hungarian past. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarians were forced to leave their homeland, and the forcible assimilation of the remaining Hungarians was begun.
November 1918
The Serbian army invaded Resicabánya, and they were replaced by French invaders in January. The French arbitrarily divided the area of Bánság between the Serbians and the Romanians. Resicabánya went to the Romanians.
March 27, 1919
The funeral of a worker called Adolf Roth, who died while working, turned into a protest against French invasion in which Otto Müller and Bálint Miklós factory managers also participated.
June 3, 1919
The Romanian army invaded Resicabánya.
4 June 1920
Trianon Dictate
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4 June 1920
Hungary was forced to sign the Treaty of Trianon, although the country was not invited to the peace talks. Hungary lost two thirds of its territory that had belonged to it for more than 1000 years. One-third of the Hungarian population came under foreign rule. On the basis of the national principle, countries with a more mixed and less ethnically balanced composition than the former Hungary were created, such as Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). For example, while 48% of the population of the territory ceded to Czechoslovakia was Slovak and 30% Hungarian, 54% of the population of the former Hungary was Hungarian and 10.6% Slovak. And in the territory that is now part of Serbia, the Hungarians outnumbered the Serbs. The part of the territory allocated to Romania from Hungary was larger than the remaining territory of Hungary, despite the fact that there were 10 million Hungarians and less than 3 million Romanians in the former Hungary. While Hungary used to have the most liberal nationality policy in Europe, the successor states had no respect at all for the national and cultural rights of the indigenous Hungarians and engaged in forced assimilation. The Trianon Dictate destroyed the organic economic unity of the region. Before the First World War, Hungary had a dynamic economy, more advanced than Spain's. After 1920, the successor states formed the so-called "Little Entente", putting Hungary under an economic blockade and sabotaging it on the international stage.
1924
Drilling rig was manufactured in Resica for the first time in Romania. The factories started producing oil drilling equipments for the oil fields of Romania.
1929
Resicabánya was granted town status.
1945
The German inhabitants of the town were taken to forced labour. 460 of them died in the Soviet Union or on the way on the train.
1948
The factories were nationalized. The town’s character was completely transformed during the Socialism. Most of Németresica and nearly the entire Románresica were demolished. A new town centre was constructed on the site of the old Románresica in the 1970’s and 80’s. New residential areas had to be constructed for the multiplying population.
2002
7.2 million people lived in Transylvania, including 1.42 million Hungarians. There were 1.65 million Hungarians out of 5.2 million in 1910. The proportion of the Romanians increased from 53.78% to 74.69%, while the proportion of the Hungarians decreased from 31.64% to 19.6%. The proportion of the Germans dropped from 10.75% to below 1%. These changes were mainly the results of migration and the persecution of Hungarians and Saxons. Transylvania here refers to the entire territory that once belonged to Hungary, which is much larger than historical Transylvania.
Source: Wikipedia, arcanum.hu - Bánlaky József: A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme
Sights
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Churches, religious buildings
Cultural facilities
Town infrastructure
Private buildings
Museums and Galleries
Churches, religious buildings
St Mary of the Snows Roman Catholic Church
Biserica Maria Zăpezii din Reșița
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Roman Catholic
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St Mary of the Snows Roman Catholic Church
History
The church was built between 1846 and 53. It is titled Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major church (Our Lady of the Snows). The parish was founded in 1772.
Lutheran Church
Biserica Evanghelică C.A.
Renardo la vulpo, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Lutheran
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Lutheran Church
History
Former Greek Catholic Church, Orthodox Episcopal Church
Protopopiatul Ortodox Român Reşiţa
Renardo la vulpo, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Orthodox
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Former Greek Catholic Church, Orthodox Episcopal Church
History
Today's Orthodox church was built in 1908 originally for the Greek Catholics.
Former Orthodox Church of Románresica
Biserica Petru Iacob
Originally:
church
Currently:
church
Church:
Orthodox
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Former Orthodox Church of Románresica
History
The church was built in 1872. When the new town centre was being planned, it is said that Nicolae Ceaușescu himself ordered its demolition so that there would be no church in the main square. However, in 1985, town officials had it towed 50 metres away on rails and hid it behind a block of flats.
Synagogue
Sinagoga
Harald Mandl, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
synagogue
Currently:
synagogue
Church:
Jewish
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Synagogue
History
The Moorish-style synagogue was built in 1907 (other sources say 1914). The first record of the Jewish community (neolog) of Resica dates from 1870.
Cultural facilities
Former West Theatre
Teatrul de Stat Resita si Casa de Cultura a Sindicatelor
Harald Mandl, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
theatre/opera
Currently:
theatre/opera
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Former West Theatre
History
Open-Air Locomotive Museum
Muzeul de Locomotive cu Abur Reșița
Zoltan Nyaradi, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
museum
Currently:
museum
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Open-Air Locomotive Museum
History
Sixteen locomotives are on display in the open-air locomotive museum, which was established in 1972. In addition to the first locomotive built in Resica, the 1872 Resicza, the 1909 CFF 704-209 built by the StEG factory in Vienna and used on forest railways, and the 1921 Henschel 50 025, they are restored products of the Resica locomotive production between 1923 and 1961.
Former Hungarian State Boy's High School
Liceul Teoretic Diaconovici-Tietz
Originally:
school
Currently:
school
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Former Hungarian State Boy's High School
History
The imposing school building was constructed from 1912 to 35. Today it is the Diaconovici-Tietz Lyceum. It has German classes at all levels and Hungarian classes at the lower grades.
Museum of Mountainous Bánság
Muzeul Banatului Montan
Ap bullet ; modified Centpacrr, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
museum
Currently:
museum
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Museum of Mountainous Bánság
History
Its collection includes minerals, documents on the industrial history, ethnography, fine arts of the area and also old Romanian books.
Town infrastructure
Bridge over the Berzava River
Podul de la Vama
Aisano, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
bridge
Currently:
bridge
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Bridge over the Berzava River
History
Dating from 1937, the Berzava Bridge ("Podul de la vamă") is Romania's first welded bridge.
Private buildings
Koch Villa
History
The villa was built in 1900 at the inlet of the industrial canal (Schmelzgraben) dug in 1771.
Friedmann House, Town Library
History
The Paul Iorgovici County Library is housed in the former Friedmann House from the last quarter of the 19th century.
Museums and Galleries
Open-Air Locomotive Museum
Muzeul de Locomotive cu Abur Reșița
Zoltan Nyaradi, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
museum
Currently:
museum
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Open-Air Locomotive Museum
History
Sixteen locomotives are on display in the open-air locomotive museum, which was established in 1972. In addition to the first locomotive built in Resica, the 1872 Resicza, the 1909 CFF 704-209 built by the StEG factory in Vienna and used on forest railways, and the 1921 Henschel 50 025, they are restored products of the Resica locomotive production between 1923 and 1961.
Museum of Mountainous Bánság
Muzeul Banatului Montan
Ap bullet ; modified Centpacrr, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Originally:
museum
Currently:
museum
Show on map
Visit
Museum of Mountainous Bánság
History
Its collection includes minerals, documents on the industrial history, ethnography, fine arts of the area and also old Romanian books.
Check out other towns in Transylvania as well!
{"item":"town","set":{"mapcenter":{"lat":"45.2945420000","long":"21.9010270000"},"townlink":"resicabanya-resita","town":{"townId":68,"active":1,"name_HU":"Resicab\u00e1nya","name_LO":"Re\u0219i\u021ba","name_GE":"Reschitz","name_LT":"","seolink":"resicabanya-resita","listorder":34,"oldcounty":29,"country":4,"division":16,"altitude":"208","gps_lat":"45.2945420000","gps_long":"21.9010270000","population":69,"hungarian_2011":2.15,"population_1910":17384,"hungarian_1910":15.6,"german_1910":54.27,"slovak_1910":3.16,"romanian_1910":21.84,"rusin_1910":0,"serbian_1910":0,"croatian_1910":0,"slovenian_1910":0,"coatofarms":"","coatofarms_ref":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Aisano, CC BY-SA 3.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Re%C5%9Dico,_rivero_B%C3%A2rzava,_3.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Re\u015dico, rivero B\u00e2rzava, 3\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b4\/Re%C5%9Dico%2C_rivero_B%C3%A2rzava%2C_3.jpeg\/512px-Re%C5%9Dico%2C_rivero_B%C3%A2rzava%2C_3.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Re%C5%9Dico,_rivero_B%C3%A2rzava,_3.jpeg\u0022\u003EAisano\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","georegion":"Krass\u00f3-Sz\u00f6r\u00e9ny Ore Mountains, B\u00e1ns\u00e1g Mountains","river":"Berzava","description":"The settlement was first mentioned in Turkish times. In 1716 the imperial army of Prince Eugene of Savoy expelled the Turks from Temesv\u00e1r. During the Turkish Wars, the area of Temesk\u00f6z, once inhabited mostly by Hungarians, was completely depopulated. The Habsburgs created the Banate of Temes with the seat of Temesv\u00e1r in the area. Hungarians were forbidden to return to the area, and it was repopulated with German, Serbian and Vlach settlers. The development of copper mining and metallurgy then began, with German settlers being brought in to facilitate this and N\u00e9metresica was founded. The area became part of Hungary again in 1778. In 1793, the production of munitions also began. In 1848, the town sided with the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence and the factory was converted to supply the revolutionary troops with munitions. The town repulsed initial attacks by pro-Hapsburg Serb and Vlach border guards, but was finally captured by the overwhelming force in December. Later, during the 19th century, the production of railway rails and steel railway bridges started, and in 1872 the first steam locomotive, the Resicza, was manufactured here in Hungary. Resicab\u00e1nya became a stronghold of iron and steel metallurgy. During the First World War, arms and ammunition production became the main profile of the Resica factories. In 1924, after the Romanian occupation, it was the first in Romania to manufacture oil rigs, and later became a regular production site for oil mining equipment for the Romanian oil fields. Under socialism, most of the town was demolished and a new town was built in its place in socialist style.","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@#3|@#5|@#6|@1370|Borzaf\u0151 Castle was mentioned for the first time, which is assumed to have been standing near the present day settlement. It was the seat of a privileged Vlach district in the 15th century, and the Teutonic Order owned it between 1429 and 1435, who were settled in Hungary by King Sigismund to protect the borders against the Turks.@#8|@#9|@1554|The settlement was mentioned for the first time in a defter (a Turkish register) as R\u0131\u010di\u010da (in modern Turkish transcript). Its name comes from the South Slavic re\u010dica word meaning tiny river.@#23|@#25|@1716|A new war broke out between the Habsburg and the Ottoman empires. After his victory at P\u00e9terv\u00e1rad, Prince Eugene of Savoy attacked Temesv\u00e1r. Cannonading destroyed most of the town in the siege that lasted 48 days until finally Pasha Mustafa surrendered.@1716|Prince Eugene of Savoy entrusted Claude Florimond de Mercy with the governance of Temesk\u00f6z (the area bounded by the rivers Maros, Tisza and Danube). Mercy was later appointed civil and military leader of the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes by King Charles IV of Hungary (Emperor Charles VI).@between 1718 and 1723|The government started to develop copper mining and metallurgy. Miners, metallurgists and craftsmen arrived from the neighbourhoods of Schwaz and Kitzb\u00fchel in Tirol, M\u00f6llersdorf in Lower Austria and from other mining settlements of Hungary (Szomolnok, Selmecb\u00e1nya, Beszterceb\u00e1nya).@1719|Temesv\u00e1r became the seat of the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes. Temesk\u00f6z was not reincorporated into Hungary, but was governed separately from Vienna under the name of B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes. The Habsburgs wanted to repopulate the area with Roman Catholic Germans and to make it an Austrian province, part of the Erblande (the Hereditary Lands of the Habsburgs). Habsburg rulers aimed to divide Hungary into separate parts and Germanize them one by one. To this end, they forbade the return of Hungarians to the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes, which was a Hungarian majority area before the Turkish invasion. Instead, the area was repopulated by German, Vlach and Serbian migrants.@1738|The settlement was destroyed in the Turkish war.@1751|Empress Maria Theresia reorganized the administration of the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes. 8 of the 11 districts were removed from military governance and placed under civil administration , but the emperor exercised absolute power over the area. Of the remaining three districts, she organised the Military Border Region of B\u00e1ns\u00e1g.@1769\u201371|The royal chamber established Resicab\u00e1nya (N\u00e9metresica), north of Rom\u00e1nresica in 1769\u201371. Its first inhabitants arrived from Salzkammergut, the neighbourhood of Aussee in Styria and Bogs\u00e1n (Boks\u00e1nb\u00e1nya, 15 kilometres north of Resicab\u00e1nya). They started to build the factory. They were joined by 170\u2013180 Vlach men from the neighbourhood and 71 German families from Austria in 1776. The first two seven m\u00b3 iron smelters, the Franciscus and the Josephus was put into operation in 1771, and a 3 and a half kilometres long industrial channel was built, draining the water of the river Berzava. Today it is called Schmelzgraben and it has been completely covered by now, only the inflow can be seen.@1778|At the demand of the Estates of Hungary, Empress Maria Theresia returned the area of the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes that was under civil governance to Hungary. This ended the unconstitutional status of the area and the counties of Toront\u00e1l, Temes and Krass\u00f3, which ceased to exist due to the Turkish conquest, were formed. Hungarians were no longer prohibited from settling in the area. Hungarians started to move to Temesk\u00f6z in larger numbers but they could never regain their former majority. The area was continued to be called simply B\u00e1ns\u00e1g (Banat refers to its eastern part that belongs to Romania now, and it is the simple translation of the Hungarian B\u00e1ns\u00e1g).@1781|30 thousand hectares of forest was assigned to fuel the factories.@1783|The settlement was granted the privilege to hold two country fairs a year.@1789|The mining school was moved from Oravica to Resicab\u00e1nya, after Oravica was sacked by the Turks.@1793|The Kingdom of Naples ordered 20 thousand grenades from the factories of Resicab\u00e1nya, which were engaged in manufacturing munitions as well from then on.@1793\u201398|Many Vlachs migrated to Resicab\u00e1nya from Oltenia (the western part of Wallachia, west of the Olt River).@between 1805 and 1816|Three large iron smelters were constructed.@1846|The factories were modernized and converted to be fuelled by coal mined in Dom\u00e1n and Sz\u00e9kul. Steam engines were manufactured for the first time in the countries of the Hungarian Crown here for the blowers of the large smelters. A horse-drawn industrial railway was also built.@1846\u201347|Two hundred Slovak families were settled here from Szepes and Lipt\u00f3 counties.@#28|@May 1848|Serbian migrants started a rebellion and created an autonomous region called Serbian Voivodina. Their goal was to secede the territory from Hungary and unite it with Serbia. Volunteers arrived from the Principality of Serbia, which was under Turkish protectorate, to support them in order to create Greater Serbia. The rebellious Serbs fought on the side of the Habsburgs to crush the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence. The Serbs began a large-scale ethnic cleansing campaign in Hungarian and Vlach villages, which extended to the area of B\u00e1ns\u00e1g.@spring 1848|The inhabitants of N\u00e9metresica formed the national guard (\u201eB\u00fcrger-Garde\u201d). Szl\u00e1vy J\u00f3zsef, Graenzenstein Guszt\u00e1v and Zsigmondy Vilmos converted the factory to supply the Hungarian revolutionary army with munitions. At the beginning of November, trenches were dug around the settlement to protect it from the Serb border regiments that supported the Habsburg ruler.@November 15, 1848|The Serb border guards led by Captain Dodg launched an attack, but it was repelled by the garrison.@December 18, 1848|The Vlach border regiment of Kar\u00e1nsebes under the command of Traian Doda demanded the settlement\u2019s surrender. The wealthier citizens of Resica were inclined to surrender, but the majority (including Gheorghe Pocrean Orthodox priest) wanted to resist. The first assault was successfully repelled, but the enemy attacked again on the 24th and heavily outnumbered the defenders. The border regiment took Resica the next day and set the factories on fire. Georg Herglotz, the commander of the National Guard and the owner of the coal mine in Sz\u00e9kul, fell in the fights.@after 1849|After the Hungarian War of Independence was suppressed by the Russian intervention, the Habsburg emperor created the province called Serb Vajdas\u00e1g and B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes from the former territories of the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes and some parts of Serbian Voivodina declared arbitrarily by the Serbian rebels. This province was controlled directly from Vienna. This meant that the Habsburg emperor did not fulfil the Serb's demands, in return for which they turned against the Hungarians. None of the nationalities (Hungarians, Germans, Vlachs, Serbians) were anywhere near a majority in the new province.@from 1851|Rails were manufactured for railway tracks as well.@1853|The Franz Joseph gallery was put into operation and coal mining started in Resicab\u00e1nya.@1855|The newly established StEG (renamed to Austro-Hungarian Railway Company from 1883) received a 90 years concession for Resica and the 1300 km\u00b2 industrial area of B\u00e1ns\u00e1g. Resica became the centre for the company\u2019s mining and metallurgy operations.@1858|Resicab\u00e1nya (N\u00e9metresica) was organized to a settlement independent from the factory. Its first notary was the Hungarian B\u00edr\u00f3 B\u00e9la.@1859|The brickworks producing fireproof (samott) bricks was put into operation.@1860|The province called Serb Vajdas\u00e1g and B\u00e1ns\u00e1g of Temes (created in 1849) was abolished and the area was re-incorporated into Hungary. This was part of the October Diploma issued by Emperor Franz Joseph, which brought a minor ease in Habsburg absolutism.@#30|@1870|Steel rail bridge manufacturing started in Resicab\u00e1nya. From 1871 rails were also manufactured in the steel rail rolling mill.@1872|Steam powered locomotives were manufactured here for the first time in Hungary. The first one was called Resicza, and it was produced for the narrow-gauge railway of the factory. Two more were manufactured next year, the Bogs\u00e1n and the Hung\u00e1ria.@1876|The first Siemens\u2013Martin furnace of Hungary and the connected rolling mill was constructed, which manufactured steel tires for the wheels of railroad cars.@1882|The manufacturing of road bridges was started besides rail bridges. The first bridge manufactured in Resica was the bridge over the Tisza River in Szeged (Hungary), which was later destroyed.@1886|The school of metallurgy was reorganized, and Hungarian became the teaching language in 1894. The school moved to a new building in 1900.@1890\u2019s|The iron and steel metallurgy plant built new large smelters in place of the four old ones. At the end of the century the factory produced 45 thousand tonnes of crude iron a year.@1911|Resicab\u00e1nya and Rom\u00e1nresica was united, but the district seat was still not granted town status. It belonged to the united Krass\u00f3-Sz\u00f6r\u00e9ny County since 1881.@from 1910|Weapons were also manufactured in Resica. During the First World War, the factories of Resica manufactured mainly weapons and munitions.@#31|@1916|On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).@1918|On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compi\u00e8gne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.@#32|@November 1918|The Serbian army invaded Resicab\u00e1nya, and they were replaced by French invaders in January. The French arbitrarily divided the area of B\u00e1ns\u00e1g between the Serbians and the Romanians. Resicab\u00e1nya went to the Romanians.@March 27, 1919|The funeral of a worker called Adolf Roth, who died while working, turned into a protest against French invasion in which Otto M\u00fcller and B\u00e1lint Mikl\u00f3s factory managers also participated.@June 3, 1919|The Romanian army invaded Resicab\u00e1nya.@#36|@1924|Drilling rig was manufactured in Resica for the first time in Romania. The factories started producing oil drilling equipments for the oil fields of Romania.@1929|Resicab\u00e1nya was granted town status.@1945|The German inhabitants of the town were taken to forced labour. 460 of them died in the Soviet Union or on the way on the train.@1948|The factories were nationalized. The town\u2019s character was completely transformed during the Socialism. Most of N\u00e9metresica and nearly the entire Rom\u00e1nresica were demolished. A new town centre was constructed on the site of the old Rom\u00e1nresica in the 1970\u2019s and 80\u2019s. New residential areas had to be constructed for the multiplying population.@2002|7.2 million people lived in Transylvania, including 1.42 million Hungarians. There were 1.65 million Hungarians out of 5.2 million in 1910. The proportion of the Romanians increased from 53.78% to 74.69%, while the proportion of the Hungarians decreased from 31.64% to 19.6%. The proportion of the Germans dropped from 10.75% to below 1%. These changes were mainly the results of migration and the persecution of Hungarians and Saxons. Transylvania here refers to the entire territory that once belonged to Hungary, which is much larger than historical Transylvania.&"},"sights":[{"sightId":1757,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Maria Z\u0103pezii din Re\u0219i\u021ba","address":"Strada Traian Lalescu 34","mapdata":"1|1057|48","gps_lat":"45.2950028200","gps_long":"21.9011323054","religion":1,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/gerhardus.ro\/hu\/plebaniak-2\/#1d45d7d48cfc1de82","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Dectectivul - http:\/\/wikimapia.org\/#lang=ro&lat=45.295000&lon=21.901366&z=12&m=b&show=\/user\/1455794, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Frontal_View_of_Mary_of_Snow_Catholic_Church.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Frontal View of Mary of Snow Catholic Church\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/37\/Frontal_View_of_Mary_of_Snow_Catholic_Church.jpg\/256px-Frontal_View_of_Mary_of_Snow_Catholic_Church.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Frontal_View_of_Mary_of_Snow_Catholic_Church.jpg\u0022\u003EDectectivul - http:\/\/wikimapia.org\/#lang=ro&lat=45.295000&lon=21.901366&z=12&m=b&show=\/user\/1455794\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"St Mary of the Snows Roman Catholic Church","seolink":"st-mary-of-the-snows-roman-catholic-church","note":"","history":"The church was built between 1846 and 53. It is titled Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major church (Our Lady of the Snows). The parish was founded in 1772."},{"sightId":1758,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Evanghelic\u0103 C.A.","address":"Strada Paul Iorgovici","mapdata":"1|1276|80","gps_lat":"45.2946901334","gps_long":"21.9049029956","religion":3,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Renardo la vulpo, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Reschitz,_evangelische_Kirche_AB,_1.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022Reschitz, evangelische Kirche AB, 1\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/36\/Reschitz%2C_evangelische_Kirche_AB%2C_1.jpeg\/256px-Reschitz%2C_evangelische_Kirche_AB%2C_1.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Reschitz,_evangelische_Kirche_AB,_1.jpeg\u0022\u003ERenardo la vulpo\u003C\/a\u003E, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Lutheran Church","seolink":"lutheran-church","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":1759,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Protopopiatul Ortodox Rom\u00e2n Re\u015fi\u0163a","address":"Str. Libertatii, 38","mapdata":"1|567|458","gps_lat":"45.2900182741","gps_long":"21.8927129746","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/protopopiatulortodoxresita.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Renardo la vulpo, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba,_bis_Iosif_cel_Nou_de_la_Parto%C8%99,_1.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Re\u0219i\u021ba, bis Iosif cel Nou de la Parto\u0219, 1\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0d\/Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba%2C_bis_Iosif_cel_Nou_de_la_Parto%C8%99%2C_1.jpeg\/512px-Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba%2C_bis_Iosif_cel_Nou_de_la_Parto%C8%99%2C_1.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba,_bis_Iosif_cel_Nou_de_la_Parto%C8%99,_1.jpeg\u0022\u003ERenardo la vulpo\u003C\/a\u003E, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Greek Catholic Church, Orthodox Episcopal Church","seolink":"former-greek-catholic-church-orthodox-episcopal-church","note":"","history":"Today's Orthodox church was built in 1908 originally for the Greek Catholics."},{"sightId":1760,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Biserica Petru Iacob","address":"Piata 1 Decembrie 1918","mapdata":"1|391|604","gps_lat":"45.2884478754","gps_long":"21.8897450853","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Orthodox Church of Rom\u00e1nresica","seolink":"former-orthodox-church-of-romanresica","note":"","history":"The church was built in 1872. When the new town centre was being planned, it is said that Nicolae Ceau\u0219escu himself ordered its demolition so that there would be no church in the main square. However, in 1985, town officials had it towed 50 metres away on rails and hid it behind a block of flats."},{"sightId":1761,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Sinagoga","address":"Strada Mihai Viteazu","mapdata":"1|922|242","gps_lat":"45.2927452563","gps_long":"21.8987617288","religion":6,"oldtype":"8","newtype":"8","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Harald Mandl, CC BY-SA 2.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Synagogue_resita.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Synagogue resita\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a2\/Synagogue_resita.jpg\/512px-Synagogue_resita.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Synagogue_resita.jpg\u0022\u003EHarald Mandl\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 2.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Synagogue","seolink":"synagogue","note":"","history":"The Moorish-style synagogue was built in 1907 (other sources say 1914). The first record of the Jewish community (neolog) of Resica dates from 1870."},{"sightId":1762,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Liceul Teoretic Diaconovici-Tietz","address":"Strada Mihai Viteazu 34","mapdata":"1|1049|166","gps_lat":"45.2936129521","gps_long":"21.9010643993","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"https:\/\/cndt.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Hungarian State Boy's High School","seolink":"former-hungarian-state-boys-high-school","note":"","history":"The imposing school building was constructed from 1912 to 35. Today it is the Diaconovici-Tietz Lyceum. It has German classes at all levels and Hungarian classes at the lower grades."},{"sightId":1763,"townId":68,"active":2,"name_LO":"Teatrul de Stat Resita si Casa de Cultura a Sindicatelor","address":"Strada Cri\u0219an","mapdata":"1|515|470","gps_lat":"45.2898744790","gps_long":"21.8916369087","religion":0,"oldtype":"91","newtype":"91","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Harald Mandl, CC BY-SA 2.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Resita_Casa_de_Cultura.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Resita Casa de Cultura\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d2\/Resita_Casa_de_Cultura.jpg\/512px-Resita_Casa_de_Cultura.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Resita_Casa_de_Cultura.jpg\u0022\u003EHarald Mandl\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 2.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former West Theatre","seolink":"former-west-theatre","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":1764,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Muzeul Banatului Montan","address":"Bulevardul Republicii 10","mapdata":"2|746|330","gps_lat":"45.3241528028","gps_long":"21.8784416392","religion":0,"oldtype":"98","newtype":"98","homepage":"http:\/\/www.muzeulbanatuluimontan.ro\/index.php","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Ap bullet ; modified Centpacrr, CC BY-SA 3.0 <http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:0150_DCE.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u00220150 DCE\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d3\/0150_DCE.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:0150_DCE.jpg\u0022\u003EAp bullet ; modified Centpacrr\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Museum of Mountainous B\u00e1ns\u00e1g","seolink":"museum-of-mountainous-bansag","note":"","history":"Its collection includes minerals, documents on the industrial history, ethnography, fine arts of the area and also old Romanian books."},{"sightId":1765,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Paul Iorgovici 50","mapdata":"1|1491|101","gps_lat":"45.2943126721","gps_long":"21.9085880013","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"76","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Friedmann House, Town Library","seolink":"friedmann-house-town-library","note":"","history":"The Paul Iorgovici County Library is housed in the former Friedmann House from the last quarter of the 19th century."},{"sightId":1766,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Str. Bega 1","mapdata":"1|385|491","gps_lat":"45.2897202576","gps_long":"21.8896199041","religion":0,"oldtype":"52","newtype":"15","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Koch Villa","seolink":"koch-villa","note":"","history":"The villa was built in 1900 at the inlet of the industrial canal (Schmelzgraben) dug in 1771."},{"sightId":1767,"townId":68,"active":2,"name_LO":"Muzeul de Locomotive cu Abur Re\u0219i\u021ba","address":"Calea Timi\u0219oarei","mapdata":"2|717|826","gps_lat":"45.3118984111","gps_long":"21.8773840431","religion":0,"oldtype":"98","newtype":"98","homepage":"http:\/\/www.mlaresita.org\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Zoltan Nyaradi, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Resitatren1.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Resitatren1\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/34\/Resitatren1.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Resitatren1.jpg\u0022\u003EZoltan Nyaradi\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Open-Air Locomotive Museum","seolink":"open-air-locomotive-museum","note":"","history":"Sixteen locomotives are on display in the open-air locomotive museum, which was established in 1972. In addition to the first locomotive built in Resica, the 1872 Resicza, the 1909 CFF 704-209 built by the StEG factory in Vienna and used on forest railways, and the 1921 Henschel 50 025, they are restored products of the Resica locomotive production between 1923 and 1961."},{"sightId":1768,"townId":68,"active":1,"name_LO":"Podul de la Vama","address":"","mapdata":"1|427|539","gps_lat":"45.2891744620","gps_long":"21.8904252196","religion":0,"oldtype":"30","newtype":"30","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Aisano, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba,_podul_de_la_vam%C4%83,_2.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Re\u0219i\u021ba, podul de la vam\u0103, 2\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba%2C_podul_de_la_vam%C4%83%2C_2.jpeg\/512px-Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba%2C_podul_de_la_vam%C4%83%2C_2.jpeg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba,_podul_de_la_vam%C4%83,_2.jpeg\u0022\u003EAisano\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Bridge over the Berzava River","seolink":"bridge-over-the-berzava-river","note":"","history":"Dating from 1937, the Berzava Bridge (\u0022Podul de la vam\u0103\u0022) is Romania's first welded bridge."}]},"language":"en","region":"romania","regionid":4,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}