Brukenthal Palace, Brukenthal Museum and Gallery
Muzeul Național Brukenthal
Brukenthal Palace, Brukenthal Museum and Gallery
Muzeul Național Brukenthal
Original function:
palace
gallery
museum
library
Historical Hungarian county:
Szeben
GPS coordinates:
45.7965530042, 24.1506259401
History
The palace was once the residence of Baron Samuel von Brukenthal, who was governor of Transylvania from 1777. Its collection is one of the richest in Romania.
The palace was built by Samuel von Brukenthal between 1778 and 1788, on the site of the medieval Klockner and Offner houses. He inaugurated his vast picture gallery in the palace in 1790, 3 years before the Louvre. The master builder was Franz Burger, the sculptor was Simon Hoffmeyer from Kolozsvár and the stone carver was Anton Hertzum. Above the gate is Brukenthal's gilded coat of arms. The gateway on the left side incorporates the gate frame of the house at number 4 Petőfi/Rét Street (Wiesengasse, Strada Tipografilor) (the so-called Hermann Wagner House) from 1552, the work of Thomas Lapicida. The winter residence of Samuel Brukenthal was on the first floor, where the drawing room, the reception room, and the guest rooms were located. The latter are covered with wallpaper imitating Chinese paintings, the music room with wood panelling and oriental floral wallpaper. Eight of the door woodcarvings depict stories from Ovid's Metamorphoses. The second floor was home to the Baron's gradually growing collection of works of art. He laid the foundations for the collection in Vienna between 1759 and 1772. By his will, the palace was declared a museum and passed to the Lutheran Church. The collection of works of art and a library of 100,000 volumes formed the basis of the museum, which opened to the public on 25 February 1817. Its paintings were evacuated to Budapest in the autumn of 1916 to escape the attack of the Romanian army, and were only returned in 1919. The museum was nationalised in 1946, and the most valuable paintings were transferred to the Art Museum in Bucharest. In 2006, the museum was returned to the Lutheran Church. Borsos Miklós (1906-1990), a sculptor, spent his childhood in the apartment overlooking the back courtyard of the palace.
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