Bánffy Palace, Museum of Fine Arts
Muzeul de Artă
Bánffy Palace, Museum of Fine Arts
Muzeul de Artă
Historical Hungarian county:
Kolozs
GPS coordinates:
46.7705747816, 23.5904402154
History
The Bánffy family of Losonc appeared in the 13th century, and they had already acquired estates in Transylvania. Bánffy György became the first governor of Transylvania after 1690 (died in 1708).
The builder Bánffy György (1746-1822) was also the governor of Transylvania from 1787 until his death. In 1790 he moved the seat of the Gubernium (government of Transylvania) from Nagyszeben to Kolozsvár. He was one of the most educated aristocrats of his time. The Bánffy family already had a small house here in the 16th century, and the governor bought up the neighbouring plots of land for the construction of the palace. The plans for the palace were drawn up in 1773 by Johann Eberhard Blaumann. The most famous sculptor in Transylvania at the time, Anton Schuchbauer, was commissioned to create the sculptural decorations for the palace. Construction, which began in 1774, was completed in the spring of 1785 at a total cost of around 39-40,000 Hungarian forints, which was a heavy financial burden even for the wealthy Bánffys.
The Governor lived in the building with his wife, Countess Palm Jozefa, from 1790 until his death in 1822. After that, the palace served as the governor's residence for a time. There was also talk of buying it for the town council, but this plan was abandoned and a new town hall was built. In the 1840s, the historian Count Teleki József lived here.
Between 18 and 27 August 1817, King Franz I of Hungary, Emperor of Austria, stayed at the Bánffy Palace, accompanied by his fourth wife, Queen Karolina Auguszta. Emperor Franz Joseph I also stayed in the palace from 2-4 August 1852 and from 22-24 September 1887.
The Hungarian composer Liszt Ferenc stayed in the palace in 1879. From 1898 the palace was also home to the National Casino. In 1948 it was nationalised from Bánffy Dénes and his mother.
On 30 December 1965, the Museum of Fine Arts was opened in the palace, which had been restored to its original splendour. In 2013, the court awarded part of the palace to the Romanian-speaking descendants of one of Bánffy György's housekeepers.
Above the palace gate is the Bánffy coat of arms with the griffin. On the facade' attic are statues of mythological gods (Mars, Minerva, Apollo, Diana, Hercules, Perseus) and rococo urns. The statues were carved by Anton Schuchbauer.
Since 1956 it has been home to the Museum of Fine Arts, established in 1951.
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