Salvator Chapel
Address:
Csíksomlyó, Kissomlyó-hegy
Historical Hungarian county:
Csík
GPS coordinates:
46.3775708201, 25.8331106185
History
One of the three chapels on the Kissomlyó Hill. The exact date of construction of the oldest chapel is unknown. Its name comes from the abbreviation of the Latin Transfiguratio Salvatoris. According to tradition, on 8 August 1456, the day of the Saviour's transfiguration, the army of Hunyadi János defeated the besieging Turkish army at Belgrade with the name of the Salvator on their lips. The chapel was therefore built to commemorate the triumph of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade), probably in the second half of the 15th century. After the Tatar invasion of 1661, the special wooden barrel vault of 16 coffers was made with the support of the captain of Háromszék, Mikes Kelemen and his wife Kálnoki Zsuzsanna, whose coat of arms and initials appear on it.
The high altar was made in 1679, from the vow of Haller János's wife, Kornis Katalin. It depicts Christ holding the cross in the centre, and on the sides are St Paul the Apostle and St Catherine. The south side altarpiece was made in 1673 thanks to Petki Katalin, and has a panel depicting Ecce Homo. The north side altar shows the Virgin of Loreto in a queenly dress with the baby Jesus in her arms. The Salvator Chapel was consecrated in 1680 by Archbishop Vitus Pilutius of Marianopolis in honour of the Transfiguration of the Lord. The chapel was rebuilt in 1780 by Countess Gyulai, and the present stone lobby was erected in 1877-1878 to replace the earlier wooden structure. The altarpiece of the sanctuary was painted in 1879.
Once surrounded by a stone wall, its guard lived in the nearby hermitage.
The stone cross in front of the door was erected in 1876 by the parishioners of Gyergyóalfalva in commemoration of the 1567 victory.
In 1567, on the hill of Tolvajos-tető, the Székelys led by István, the parish priest of Gyergyóalfalva, defeated the army of John Sigismund on Pentecost Saturday and defended their Catholic Church in the Csík and Gyergyó basins. It is in honour of this event that the annual Pentecostal feast of Csíksomlyó is held.
The steep path from the bottom of the hill to the chapel of Salvator is known as the Pass of Jesus, which is prayed over during pilgrimages. Along the way there are several old crosses and station crosses.
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