The present town was founded by German miners settled by King Géza II of Hungary in the 12th century. As early as 1330, King Charles I declared it a free royal town, which indicates its significance. King Louis the Great also granted it staple right on the trade route between Moldavia and Poland. King Laszló V of Hungary created the short-lived County of Beszterce in 1452 to protect the mountain passes leading to Moldavia, and appointed Hunyadi János as its count. He had a castle built in the town and on the hill north of the town. After his son Matthias came to power, he made his uncle, Szilágyi Mihály, Count of Beszterce. He treated the burghers as serfs, then besieged the town and ruthlessly suppressed their resistance. King Matthias then captured his uncle, and later abolished the Count of Beszterce, restored the town's privileges and allowed the hill fortress to be demolished and its stones used to build a strong wall around the town. Most of the town fortifications were unfortunately demolished in the 19th century. The Transylvanian Saxons converted to Lutheranism during the Reformation. The town's main landmark, the beautiful Lutheran church, was unfortunately set on fire in 2008 but has since been restored. The Romanians who invaded Transylvania at the end of 1918 gradually made the Saxons' situation impossible, and in the Ceaușescu era most of them emigrated to Germany in exchange for a ransom.

Check out other towns in Transylvania as well!

{"item":"town","set":{"mapcenter":{"lat":"47.1331080000","long":"24.4965500000"},"townlink":"beszterce-bistrita","town":{"townId":57,"active":1,"name_HU":"Beszterce","name_LO":"Bistri\u021ba","name_GE":"Bistritz","name_LT":"","seolink":"beszterce-bistrita","listorder":21,"oldcounty":31,"country":4,"division":17,"altitude":"356","gps_lat":"47.1331080000","gps_long":"24.4965500000","population":67,"hungarian_2011":5.2,"population_1910":13236,"hungarian_1910":21.33,"german_1910":44.08,"slovak_1910":0,"romanian_1910":33.77,"rusin_1910":0,"serbian_1910":0,"croatian_1910":0,"slovenian_1910":0,"coatofarms":"","coatofarms_ref":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Zsolt deak, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A_1.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Biserica evanghelic\u0103.C.A 1\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/39\/Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A_1.JPG\/512px-Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A_1.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A_1.JPG\u0022\u003EZsolt deak\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","georegion":"Beszterce Area","river":"Beszterce","description":"The present town was founded by German miners settled by King G\u00e9za II of Hungary in the 12th century. As early as 1330, King Charles I declared it a free royal town, which indicates its significance. King Louis the Great also granted it staple right on the trade route between Moldavia and Poland. King Laszl\u00f3 V of Hungary created the short-lived County of Beszterce in 1452 to protect the mountain passes leading to Moldavia, and appointed Hunyadi J\u00e1nos as its count. He had a castle built in the town and on the hill north of the town. After his son Matthias came to power, he made his uncle, Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly, Count of Beszterce. He treated the burghers as serfs, then besieged the town and ruthlessly suppressed their resistance. King Matthias then captured his uncle, and later abolished the Count of Beszterce, restored the town's privileges and allowed the hill fortress to be demolished and its stones used to build a strong wall around the town. Most of the town fortifications were unfortunately demolished in the 19th century. The Transylvanian Saxons converted to Lutheranism during the Reformation. The town's main landmark, the beautiful Lutheran church, was unfortunately set on fire in 2008 but has since been restored. The Romanians who invaded Transylvania at the end of 1918 gradually made the Saxons' situation impossible, and in the Ceau\u0219escu era most of them emigrated to Germany in exchange for a ransom.","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@895|Hungarians settled down.@#3|@KIEG szent l\u00e1szl\u00f3 csat\u00e1ja 1068|After the battle at Kerl\u00e9s and Cserhalom, the king settled Pechenegs in Beseny\u0151, which is now part of Beszterce.@between 1141 and 1162|King G\u00e9za II of Hungary settled Saxon miners, who established a settlement named N\u00f6sen. At that time Slavs also lived in the neighbourhood. Their presence is proven by the river names the Germans and also the Hungarians have taken from them (Beszterce-Bistritz, Radna-Rodna). The settlers came from the Rhine and the Mosel rivers and from the Saxon mining towns of Szepes (at that time northern Hungary, now Slovakia).@#5|@1241|The town was mentioned for the first time as Nosen, when the Mongols led by Kadan (man of Batu Khan), after having broken into Hungary through the Radna Pass and having destroyed Radna, turned against the town. Here they murdered thousands of people.@1284|The town was burned in the second Mongol invasion.@#6|@1330|King Charles I of Hungary granted Beszterce the status of free royal town. The town developed much during his reign.@1353|King Louis I of Hungary granted the town right to hold a 15 days fair on the feast of St. Bartholomew.@1366|King Louis I gave the town a royal charter of rights allowing it to elect its own judges, and granting its burghers the same rights as the burghers of Szeben had.@1368|The town gained staple right from King Louis I on the trade route between Moldova and Poland.@1409|The town was allowed to build defensive walls.@1410|The earliest Latin-Hungarian list of words (like a dictionary) was written containing 1320 words. It was found in the County Archives of Beszterce in 1891.@1437|The three nations of Transylvania (the Hungarian nobility, the Sz\u00e9kelys and the Saxons) formed an alliance in K\u00e1polna (Union of K\u00e1polna). This union gained its true significance after 1570, when Transylvania became an independent principality due to the Turkish conquest of central Hungary. These three nations were represented in the Transylvanian Diet, and they elected the prince. Vlach migrants (mostly shepherds and peasants) were a small minority at the time and were excluded from the political power just like Hungarian peasants. According to the agreement, the Saxon fortified churches were opened for the non-Saxon population of the neighbourhood as well in times of danger. This was a great concession, because only Saxons (and not even Hungarian nobles) could acquire land and purchase house in King's Land. Only Saxon monks could live in their monasteries and Saxons were strictly forbidden by their priests to adopt Hungarian customs, dress and hairstyle. The Transylvanian Saxons were never integrated into the Hungarian community that welcomed them and gave them so many privileges, and they never had any inclination to do so.@1452|King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V of Hungary established the County of Beszterce from the town of Beszterce and 25 neighbouring villages in order to better the defence of the Carpathian passes. Beszterce previously belonged to Doboka County.@1453|Hunyadi J\u00e1nos was appointed Count of Beszterce by King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V. The lion of Beszterce appeared on the coat of arms of the Hunyadi family. Hunyadi J\u00e1nos built a castle in the town, which was located on the site of the former Magnolia Confectionery, the adjacent post office and other buildings. Hunyadi J\u00e1nos built another castle on the 681 metres high Castle Hill north of the town. According to the archaeologists a small fortification stood there as early as the 13th century.@#7|@1457|Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly, the brother-in-law of Hunyadi J\u00e1nos, besieged the town defended by the Saxons supporting King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V. Most of Transylvania supported the Hunyadi-Szil\u00e1gyi league, but the Saxons formed an exception.@1458|After having been elected, King Matthias appointed his uncle and strongest supporter, Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly, Count of Beszterce. Szil\u00e1gyi treated the burghers as simple serfs, which incited an uprising.@1458|Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly occupied Beszterce by siege, and slaughtered or blinded many of the resisting inhabitants.@October 8, 1458|King Matthias of Hungary, outraged by the cruelty of Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly, and also because the aristocrat allied with his enemies, imprisoned Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly in Vil\u00e1gos Castle, and restored the privileges of Beszterce by the year 1465.@1464|King Matthias abolished the County of Beszterce. At that time the town was one of the centres of humanism, where some of Bonfini's works were printed.@1465|King Matthias allowed the burghers to demolish the castle on the Castle Hill and to build walls around the town from its stones. The new town walls and bastions replaced the palisade built in the 14th century. The walls were modified after 1500. The walls have a rectangular, slightly trapezoid shape. The western section had 6, the eastern 4 round-shaped bastions. The walls were protected by moat all around, and the town could be accessed through three, later four gates.@#8|@1530|Petru Rare\u015f, the voivode of Moldavia, who received Beszterce from King John I of Hungary, besieged the town unsuccessfully.@#9|@#10|@1596|The town already had a grammar school.@#12|@October 17, 1599|Instigated by Emperor Rudolf, Voivode Mihai (Viteazul) of Wallachia broke into Transylvania through the Bodza Pass, after Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond, contrary to his promise, hand over power over Transylvania to his cousin Cardinal B\u00e1thory Andr\u00e1s instead of Emperor Rudolf. Voivode Mihai sided with the Sz\u00e9kelys, who were dissatisfied with the B\u00e1thory dynasty, by promising to restore their rights, and with their help he defeated the army of Prince B\u00e1thory Andr\u00e1s at Sellenberk on 28 October.@November 1, 1599|Voivode Mihai Viteazul of Wallachia marched into Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r, the capitol of Transylvania, and took over power as governor appointed by Emperor Rudolf. But soon he started to act on his own behalf and introduced a reign of terror. He arbitrarily appointed Wallachian boyars to every position, looted the treasury and his unpaid mercenaries plundered and murdered throughout the land. The Vlach peasants rose up and started to exterminate Hungarian and Saxon population in Transylvania, which had a Hungarian majority at that time.@September 18, 1600|Voivode Mihai of Wallachia was defeated in the battle of Miriszl\u00f3 and driven out by the combined armies of the Transylvanian nobility led by B\u00e1thory Zsigmond and General Basta\u2019s imperial mercenaries. At the beginning of next year, the Estates of Transylvanian broke with the Emperor and B\u00e1thory Zsigmond was elected prince once more.@August 3, 1601|The combined armies of General Basta and Voivode Mihai of Wallachia defeated the Transylvanian army of Prince B\u00e1thory Zsigmond in the battle of Goroszl\u00f3. After that, the army of Voivode Mihai sacked and burned the towns of Torda, Nagyenyed and Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r, where they robbed the tombs of the Hunyadi family, King John II of Hungary and his mother Queen Isabella. Then, on 19 August, Voivode Mihai was assassinated by the mercenaries of General Basta, because Mihai tried to usurp the throne of Transylvania once again. Genral Basta also introduced a reign of terror in Transylvania and let his mercenaries ravage freely throughout the land.@February 1602|Imperial General Basta attacked the town with cannons. After three weeks the defenders surrendered in exchange for a free retreat, but they were attacked by the Walloon mercenaries and many were killed.@July 2, 1602|General Giorgio Basta defeated the army of Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes at T\u00f6vis. Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes became the leader of the Transylvanian uprising against the Habsburg Empire after the battle of Goroszl\u00f3.@1603|General Basta left Transylvania with his imperial army. Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes set out from Temesv\u00e1r with Sz\u00e9kely and Turkish armies to liberate Transylvania. The estates of Transylvania, having enough of Basta\u2019s terror, welcomed him in Gyulafeh\u00e9rv\u00e1r and elected him Prince of Transylvania on 9 May. The Habsburgs mobilized their vassal, Voivode Radu Serban of Wallachia, who attacked the camp of Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes at Brass\u00f3 at night on 17 July. The Prince was killed and General Basta returned to Transylvania.@1603|Prince Sz\u00e9kely M\u00f3zes of Transylvania captured the town, which was defended by a German garrison. But a few months later he was killed near Brass\u00f3 and General Basta forced the town to pay tribute again.@#13|@#14|@#15|@#16|@#17|@#18|@1657|Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II of Transylvania launched a campaign for the crown of Poland in alliance with Carl X Gustaf of Sweden. His aim was to unite the Hungarian-Polish-Wallachian forces against the Turks. The campaign started successfully with the prince taking Krak\u00f3w and Warsawa, but then the King of Sweden abandoned him. The vengeful Poles invaded northern Transylvania, burning defenceless villages, destroying churches and castles. Soon the punitive campaign of Turkish and Tatar armies devastated Transylvania, as the prince launched his Polish campaign against the Sultan's will.@1658|The Tartars ravaged and plundered throughout Transylvania and Grand Vizier K\u00f6pr\u00fcl\u00fc Mehmed captured Jen\u0151 Castle. The Estates of Transylvania sent Barcsay \u00c1kos to the camp of the grand vizier to beg for mercy. In return, the Grand Vizier demanded that the annual tax be raised from 15 to 40 thousand forints (gold coins) and that Lugos and Karansebes be ceded. This was the price for the Turks to leave Transylvania. The grand vizier appointed Barcsay prince on 14 September.@1659|Prince R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II returned to Transylvania and forced Barcsay \u00c1kos to retreat to Szeben and besieged him.@May 22, 1660|In the battle of S\u00e1szfenes, Pasha Shejdi Ahmed of Buda defeated R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II, who lost his life. The Tatar armies invaded Transylvania for the second time.@November 1660|Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos, the former commander of R\u00e1k\u00f3czi Gy\u00f6rgy II, defeated the army of G\u00e1sp\u00e1r, the brother of Prince Barcsay Andr\u00e1s, at \u00d6rm\u00e9nyes. Barcsay G\u00e1sp\u00e1r fell in the battle. Then, on 31 December, Barcsay \u00c1kos renounced the throne. In 1661 Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos had Barcsay \u00c1kos captured and murdered.@1661|The army of Pasha Seydi Ahmed of Buda marched into Transylvania, after the country assembly held in Beszterce on 23 April declared the independence of Transylvania from the Ottoman Empire and placed the country under the protection of Emperor Leopold I. On 14 September, Pasha Ali forced the country assembly to elect Apafi Mih\u00e1ly Prince of Transylvania in Marosv\u00e1s\u00e1rhely.@1661|The town surrendered to the Turks, after the country assembly of Transylvania declared independence from the Sultan in the town in April.@January 23, 1662|The deposed prince Kem\u00e9ny J\u00e1nos, having been abandoned by his imperial allies, was defeated by the Turks at Nagysz\u0151l\u0151s (near Segesv\u00e1r), where he fell.@from the early 18th century|The Saxon villages that were left desolate by the wars were repopulated by Vlach migrants from Wallachia. Vlachs appeared in the Saxon towns as well. This was the start of the process by the end of which Vlachs were in the majority in Transylvania instead of Hungarians.@#23|@#25|@#26|@#27|@1705|The kuruc commander Pekry L\u0151rinc plundered the town.@1717|Crimean Tatars devastated Beszterce.@between 1836 and 1850|Five fires devastated the town.@#28|@1848|The Transylvanian Saxons also voted in favour of the reunion with Hungary. However, during the Hungarian War of Independence, they supported the Habsburgs because of their German national consciousness and their loyalty to the Emperor.@December 31, 1848|The Hungarian army of General Bem J\u00f3zsef drove the imperial army out of the town.@February 21, 1849|The Hungarian army of General Bem J\u00f3zsef crushed the army of Colonel Urban here.@June 25, 1849|The Russians occupied the town with a charge, but on 26 Bem retook it.@1856|The demolition of the defences started. Today only the Wheelmaker's Tower and a couple of wall sections on the southern side stand.@#30|@1910|Out of its 13236 inhabitants 5835 were Germans (44%), 4470 were Romanians (33,77%), and 2824 were Hungarians (21,33%).@#31|@1916|On 27 August, Romania declared war on the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and launched an attack against Hungary. This triggered a huge wave of refugees from Transylvania, as the population feared a repeat of the Romanian ethnic cleansing of 1848-49. Austro-Hungarian and German forces drove the invaders out of the country by mid-October and occupied Bucharest on 6 December. Romania surrendered and signed a peace treaty with the central powers on 7 May 1918 (Treaty of Bucharest).@1918|On 3 November, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy signed the Armistice of Padua. The already defeated Romania then declared war on Germany on 10 November, just one day before the Germans signed the armistice near Compi\u00e8gne. The Romanians then launched an offensive against Hungary, which had already unconditionally ceased fighting at the demand of the Entente. Romania was only recognised by the Entente powers as one of the victors of WWI only later.@#32|@December 5, 1918|Romanian forces invaded the town.@#36|@until 1920|The town was the seat of Beszterce-Nasz\u00f3d County.@#39|@1940|The town returned to Hungary thanks to the Second Vienna Award.@until 1941|As a result of the Romanian settlements, the Saxons lost their majority in every town. In desperation, the Saxons joined the SS en masse.@1944|The German high command ordered the evacuation of the Saxons from Transylvania, just like in East Prussia, but the majority stayed in their homeland. Romania betrayed their allies and sided with the Soviet Union, as soon as the first Soviet forces reached their eastern borders. After that, Saxons were also obliged to enlist in the Romanian army. Soviets despised the traitors, so they sent the Romanians to the front line to catch the bullet, which meant that Saxons had to fight against Saxons.@#43|@1950s|Illegal emigration to Germany began with the bribery of state employees. The Romanian secret service, the Securitate and the Directorate for Foreign Intelligence (DIE) became aware of the process and wanted to turn it to their own advantage.@from 1962|The state-coordinated sale of German nationalities in Romania has been launched. The so called \u2019products\u2019 were divided into four categories with different prices. For example West Germany had to pay 11,000 marks for a highly qualified person, while a student could be ransomed for only 1,800 marks.@from 1970|Romania made the process more democratic, because the FRG had to pay a uniform 8,000 marks for each German. This was the price of the one-way visa to West Germany.@from 1982|The price increased, because West Germany had to reimburse also the money the high quality education system of Romania spent on the German people wishing to leave the country. Moreover, the emigrants had to sign a declaration that they would leave their assets to the Romanian state. West Germany was allowed to pay in kind as well. For example, when the Germans said that they could only supply Volkswagen cars, the Romanians said that they would prefer Mercedes cars, but were willing to wait.@until 1990|Approximately 250 to 400 thousand Germans were ransomed to West Germany together with the Swabians that lived in the B\u00e1ns\u00e1g (Banat). Seeing the success of the deal, the Romanians also started selling Jews to Israel, and eventually they sold literally anyone, who had someone to pay the ransom.@1991-1992|With the opening of the borders, 75,000 of the remaining 95,000 Transylvanian Saxons emigrated to Germany voluntarily, leaving ghost villages behind. Those few that remained became more Romanian than Romanians, just as the example of the \u2019liberal\u2019 President of Romania, Klaus Iohannis shows, who took political advantage by accusing the \u2019social democrats\u2019 of wanting to hand over Transylvania to the Hungarians. This describes political conditions in Romania and the mental state of an average Romanian quite well.@2002|7.2 million people lived in Transylvania, including 1.42 million Hungarians. There were 1.65 million Hungarians out of 5.2 million in 1910. The proportion of the Romanians increased from 53.78% to 74.69%, while the proportion of the Hungarians decreased from 31.64% to 19.6%. The proportion of the Germans dropped from 10.75% to below 1%. These changes were mainly the results of migration and the persecution of Hungarians and Saxons. Transylvania here refers to the entire territory that once belonged to Hungary, which is much larger than historical Transylvania.&beszterce.ro: Beszterce-Nasz\u00f3d|https:\/\/beszterce.ro\/beszterce-fekvese\/\nkislexikon.hu: Besztercei gr\u00f3fs\u00e1g|http:\/\/www.kislexikon.hu\/besztercei_grofsag.html\nerdely-szep.hu: Beszterce|https:\/\/erdely-szep.hu\/Beszterce\/index.html\npangea.blog.hu: Az erd\u00e9lyi sz\u00e1sz etnikai t\u00e9rszerkezet kialakul\u00e1sa|https:\/\/pangea.blog.hu\/2014\/12\/03\/erdelyi_szasz_etnikai_terszerkezet_kialakulasa\npangea.blog.hu: Az erd\u00e9lyi sz\u00e1sz etnikai t\u00e9rszerkezet megsemmis\u00fcl\u00e9se|https:\/\/pangea.blog.hu\/2014\/12\/31\/az_erdelyi_szasz_etnikai_terszerkezet_megsemmisulese"},"castles":[{"castleId":120,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","settlement_HU":"Beszterce","settlement_LO":"Bistri\u021ba","address":"","listorder":100,"gps_lat":"47.1693380000","gps_long":"24.4814300000","oldcounty":31,"country":4,"division":17,"cond":7,"entrance":2,"varaklink":"https:\/\/varak.hu\/latnivalo\/index\/1282-Beszterce-Burg-Varhegy\/","homepage":"","openinghours":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Beszterce Castle","seolink":"beszterce-castle-bistrita","georegion":"Beszterce-R\u00e9gen Hills","description":"","nameorigin":"","history":"#1|@#3|@#5|@#6|@1452|King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V of Hungary established the County of Beszterce from the town of Beszterce and 25 neighboring villages in order to better the defence of the Carpathian passes. Beszterce previously belonged to Doboka County.@1453|Hunyadi J\u00e1nos was appointed Count of Beszterce by King L\u00e1szl\u00f3 V. The lion of Beszterce appeared on the coat of arms of the Hunyadi family. Hunyadi J\u00e1nos built a castle on the 681 metres high Castle Hill north of the town. According to the archaeologists a small fortification stood there as early as the 13th century.@#7|@1458|After having been elected, King Matthias appointed his uncle and strongest supporter, Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly, Count of Beszterce. Szil\u00e1gyi treated the burghers as simple serfs, which incited an uprising.@1458|Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly occupied Beszterce by siege, and slaughtered or blinded many of the resisting inhabitants.@October 8, 1458|King Matthias of Hungary, outraged by the cruelty of Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly, and also because the aristocrat allied with his enemies, imprisoned Szil\u00e1gyi Mih\u00e1ly in Vil\u00e1gos Castle, and restored the privileges of Beszterce by the year 1465.@1464|King Matthias abolished the County of Beszterce and sold the castle to the town.@1465|King Matthias allowed the burghers to demolish the castle on the Castle Hill and to build walls around the town from its stones. The new town walls and bastions replaced the palisade built in the 14th century. The walls were modified after 1500.&beszterce.ro: Beszterce-Nasz\u00f3d|https:\/\/beszterce.ro\/beszterce-fekvese\/\nkislexikon.hu: Besztercei gr\u00f3fs\u00e1g|http:\/\/www.kislexikon.hu\/besztercei_grofsag.html\nerdely-szep.hu: Beszterce|https:\/\/erdely-szep.hu\/Beszterce\/index.html"}],"sights":[{"sightId":1182,"townId":57,"active":2,"name_LO":"Biserica Evanghelic\u0103","address":"Pia\u021ba Central\u0103","mapdata":"1|806|677","gps_lat":"47.1322901967","gps_long":"24.4959655757","religion":3,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=366","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Zsolt deak, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Biserica evanghelic\u0103.C.A\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A.JPG\/512px-Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A.JPG\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Biserica_evanghelic%C4%83.C.A.JPG\u0022\u003EZsolt deak\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Saxon Lutheran Church","seolink":"saxon-lutheran-church","note":"","history":"The parish church of the town was first mentioned in 1319. By 1430, the parish church had two towers, three naves and a basilica layout. After the construction of the town walls in 1484, a major reconstruction of the church began. The present tower was built in several stages, the fifth floor was completed by 1519, but the spire wasn't completed until 1544. At the same time, the church was rebuilt in Gothic style. In 1533 the ruined chapel of St Michael, south of the church, was demolished. The church, once dedicated to St Nicholas, was taken over by the Protestants in 1541. Between 1560-63, major Renaissance rebuilding was carried out under the leadership of Petrus Italus da Lugano. Its 76 m tower was the tallest in Transylvania. Its 16th-17th century oriental carpets were donated by Saxon merchants. Its Rococo organ is from 1795. The altar was built in the 17th century. Its neo-Gothic pulpit was carved in the 19th century.@\nOn 11 June 2008, the church was set on fire. The arson was committed by three gypsy children aged between 13 and 15, who borke into the church to steal copper and lead."},{"sightId":1183,"townId":57,"active":2,"name_LO":"Biserica Sf\u00e2nta Treime","address":"Strada Gheorghe \u0218incai","mapdata":"1|417|837","gps_lat":"47.1314253441","gps_long":"24.4925580616","religion":1,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"https:\/\/ersekseg.ro\/hu\/templom\/916","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Biserica_romano-catolica_Sfanta_Treime_(17).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022RO Bistrita Biserica romano-catolica Sfanta Treime (17)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/43\/RO_Bistrita_Biserica_romano-catolica_Sfanta_Treime_%2817%29.jpg\/256px-RO_Bistrita_Biserica_romano-catolica_Sfanta_Treime_%2817%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Biserica_romano-catolica_Sfanta_Treime_(17).jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Holy Trinity Roman Catholic Church","seolink":"holy-trinity-roman-catholic-church","note":"","history":"The church was built in the 1700s. A few houses east of the church, one of the houses has a statue of the Virgin Mary and Jesus on the facade."},{"sightId":1184,"townId":57,"active":2,"name_LO":"","address":"Piata Unirii 7","mapdata":"1|1311|137","gps_lat":"47.1354501229","gps_long":"24.5001840271","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=341","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022FOTO:FORTEPAN \/ Klenner Alad\u00e1r, CC BY-SA 3.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Erd%C3%A9ly,_Beszterce_1940,_Minorita_templom._Fortepan_76940.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Erd\u00e9ly, Beszterce 1940, Minorita templom. Fortepan 76940\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ed\/Erd%C3%A9ly%2C_Beszterce_1940%2C_Minorita_templom._Fortepan_76940.jpg\/512px-Erd%C3%A9ly%2C_Beszterce_1940%2C_Minorita_templom._Fortepan_76940.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Erd%C3%A9ly,_Beszterce_1940,_Minorita_templom._Fortepan_76940.jpg\u0022\u003EFOTO:FORTEPAN \/ Klenner Alad\u00e1r\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Minorite Monastery Church, Orthodox Church of the Mother of God ","seolink":"former-minorite-monastery-church-orthodox-church-of-the-mother-of-god","note":"","history":"The Minorites were first mentioned in Beszterce in 1268, when the church and monastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary were probably built. It was probably completed around 1270. A major late Gothic rebuilding took place around 1520. Around 1525, the monastery was rebuilt in late Gothic and Renaissance style. Between 1540-42, the Reformation forced the Minorites to leave and the church was taken over by Protestants. In 1724 the Minorites were allowed to return. In 1788 the church became a Catholic parish church. Around 1772 a major Baroque rebuilding was carried out. In 1893 the Greek Catholic Church bought the then vacant church. The monastery was demolished in 1909. In 1948, the Soviets banned the Greek Catholic Church and it became an Orthodox church. Between 1978 and 80 the church interior, covered with medieval wall paintings, was repainted."},{"sightId":1185,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Pia\u021ba Central\u0103 11, Bistri\u021ba, Rom\u00e1nia","mapdata":"1|735|612","gps_lat":"47.1326741315","gps_long":"24.4954402115","religion":3,"oldtype":"4","newtype":"4","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Piata_Centrala_13_(1).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO Bistrita Piata Centrala 13 (1)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7d\/RO_Bistrita_Piata_Centrala_13_%281%29.jpg\/512px-RO_Bistrita_Piata_Centrala_13_%281%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Piata_Centrala_13_(1).jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Lutheran Parish","seolink":"lutheran-parish","note":"","history":"The statue of Bishop St Nicholas, the patron saint of the church, can be seen on the facade. The dilapidated buildings in the parish courtyard were built in Gothic style, and there were paintings here which have been eroded by acidity. About 20 m west of the entrance to the parish, archaeologist Tat\u00e1r \u00c1rp\u00e1d found on 6 August 2012 the upper part of a Renaissance door or window frame, which had simply been removed from somewhere and laid out on the pavement."},{"sightId":1186,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu 23","mapdata":"1|884|1210","gps_lat":"47.1292055504","gps_long":"24.4965768926","religion":1,"oldtype":"5","newtype":"120","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Former Dominican Monastery","seolink":"former-dominican-monastery","note":"","history":"The remaining part of the Gothic monastery is now a nursing home. Other parts and the church were demolished centuries ago. Some of the buildings inhabited by the nuns are still standing, others were demolished in older times."},{"sightId":1187,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Dornei 12","mapdata":"1|788|567","gps_lat":"47.1328745821","gps_long":"24.4957676857","religion":0,"oldtype":"83","newtype":"83","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022FOTO:Fortepan \u2014 ID 5030: Adom\u00e1nyoz\u00f3\/Donor: Kurutz M\u00e1rton. archive copy, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:%C3%81rk%C3%A1dok_a_F%C5%91_t%C3%A9ren_(piata_Centrala,_ekkor_Horthy_Mikl%C3%B3s_t%C3%A9r)._Fortepan_5030.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022\u00c1rk\u00e1dok a F\u0151 t\u00e9ren (piata Centrala, ekkor Horthy Mikl\u00f3s t\u00e9r). Fortepan 5030\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/4c\/%C3%81rk%C3%A1dok_a_F%C5%91_t%C3%A9ren_%28piata_Centrala%2C_ekkor_Horthy_Mikl%C3%B3s_t%C3%A9r%29._Fortepan_5030.jpg\/512px-%C3%81rk%C3%A1dok_a_F%C5%91_t%C3%A9ren_%28piata_Centrala%2C_ekkor_Horthy_Mikl%C3%B3s_t%C3%A9r%29._Fortepan_5030.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:%C3%81rk%C3%A1dok_a_F%C5%91_t%C3%A9ren_(piata_Centrala,_ekkor_Horthy_Mikl%C3%B3s_t%C3%A9r)._Fortepan_5030.jpg\u0022\u003EFOTO:Fortepan \u2014 ID 5030: Adom\u00e1nyoz\u00f3\/Donor: Kurutz M\u00e1rton. archive copy\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Gothic Arcades of 15th Century Houses","seolink":"gothic-arcades-of-15th-century-houses","note":"","history":"In the Middle Ages, trade took place under these arcades. The town had a significant trade due to its proximity to the Borg\u00f3 Pass, which led to Moldavia."},{"sightId":1188,"townId":57,"active":2,"name_LO":"Biserica Reformat\u0103","address":"Bulevardul Independen\u021bei 2","mapdata":"1|151|999","gps_lat":"47.1304439339","gps_long":"24.4903323345","religion":2,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Biserica_reformata.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO Bistrita Biserica reformata\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d8\/RO_Bistrita_Biserica_reformata.jpg\/512px-RO_Bistrita_Biserica_reformata.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Biserica_reformata.jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Calvinist Church","seolink":"calvinist-church","note":"","history":"The Reformed (Calvinist) church was built around 1887."},{"sightId":1189,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Alexandru Odobescu 5","mapdata":"1|449|1165","gps_lat":"47.1295242677","gps_long":"24.4929594931","religion":5,"oldtype":"1","newtype":"1","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022FOTO:FORTEPAN \/ Gy\u00f6ngyi, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ortodox_templom._Fortepan_58092.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Ortodox templom. Fortepan 58092\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0a\/Ortodox_templom._Fortepan_58092.jpg\/512px-Ortodox_templom._Fortepan_58092.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ortodox_templom._Fortepan_58092.jpg\u0022\u003EFOTO:FORTEPAN \/ Gy\u00f6ngyi\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Three Hierarchs Orthodox Church","seolink":"three-hierarchs-orthodox-church","note":"","history":"Built after the Romanian occupation between 1927 and 1938."},{"sightId":1190,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Turnul Dogarilor","address":"Strada Dogarilor","mapdata":"1|979|1223","gps_lat":"47.1291170721","gps_long":"24.4974526600","religion":0,"oldtype":"24","newtype":"24","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Andrei Stroe, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_BN_Bistrita_Coopers_Tower.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO BN Bistrita Coopers Tower\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/85\/RO_BN_Bistrita_Coopers_Tower.jpg\/512px-RO_BN_Bistrita_Coopers_Tower.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_BN_Bistrita_Coopers_Tower.jpg\u0022\u003EAndrei Stroe\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Wheelwright Tower","seolink":"wheelwright-tower","note":"","history":"The remains of the medieval town walls."},{"sightId":1191,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Parcului","mapdata":"1|1222|984","gps_lat":"47.1305175864","gps_long":"24.4995402404","religion":0,"oldtype":"24","newtype":"122","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"","picture_ref":"","name":"Outlines of a bastion","seolink":"outlines-of-a-bastion","note":"","history":"During the restoration of the house of culture, the ruins of a bastion were found in the square in front of it, its outlines are marked by stones on the surface."},{"sightId":1192,"townId":57,"active":2,"name_LO":"Centrul Cultural Municipal George Co\u0219buc","address":"Strada Albert Berger 10","mapdata":"1|1176|1030","gps_lat":"47.1301447965","gps_long":"24.4990164232","religion":0,"oldtype":"91,92","newtype":"106","homepage":"http:\/\/www.palatulculturiibistrita.ro\/istoric","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Dan Retegan, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO \u003Chttps:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Palatul_Culturii_Bistri%C5%A3a.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Palatul Culturii Bistri\u0163a\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d0\/Palatul_Culturii_Bistri%C5%A3a.jpg\/512px-Palatul_Culturii_Bistri%C5%A3a.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Palatul_Culturii_Bistri%C5%A3a.jpg\u0022\u003EDan Retegan\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Palace of Culture","seolink":"palace-of-culture","note":"","history":"The palace was built around 1907 and designed by the Viennese architect Paul Brang."},{"sightId":1193,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Colegiul Na\u021bional Liviu Rebreanu","address":"Bulevardul Republicii 8","mapdata":"1|714|257","gps_lat":"47.1347174121","gps_long":"24.4951624989","religion":3,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/www.cnlr.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Dan Retegan, CC BY-SA 3.0 RO <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Colegiul_Na%C5%A3ional_Liviu_Rebreanu.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Colegiul Na\u0163ional Liviu Rebreanu\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/52\/Colegiul_Na%C5%A3ional_Liviu_Rebreanu.jpg\/512px-Colegiul_Na%C5%A3ional_Liviu_Rebreanu.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Colegiul_Na%C5%A3ional_Liviu_Rebreanu.jpg\u0022\u003EDan Retegan\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/ro\/deed.en\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 3.0 RO\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Saxon Boy's Grammar School","seolink":"former-saxon-boys-grammar-school","note":"","history":"Built around 1900 in eclectic style."},{"sightId":1194,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Colegiul Na\u021bional Andrei Mure\u0219anu","address":"Bulevardul Republicii 26","mapdata":"1|255|672","gps_lat":"47.1323419549","gps_long":"24.4912332967","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"http:\/\/www.cnam.ro\/","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Unknown author (Bartha M\u00e1ria kiad\u00e1sa), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Besztercei_%C3%A1llami_polg%C3%A1ri_le%C3%A1nyiskola_1915.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Besztercei \u00e1llami polg\u00e1ri le\u00e1nyiskola 1915\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/52\/Besztercei_%C3%A1llami_polg%C3%A1ri_le%C3%A1nyiskola_1915.jpg\/512px-Besztercei_%C3%A1llami_polg%C3%A1ri_le%C3%A1nyiskola_1915.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Besztercei_%C3%A1llami_polg%C3%A1ri_le%C3%A1nyiskola_1915.jpg\u0022\u003EUnknown authorUnknown author (Bartha M\u00e1ria kiad\u00e1sa)\u003C\/a\u003E, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Hungarian Royal Promary School and Girl's High School","seolink":"former-hungarian-royal-promary-school-and-girls-high-school","note":"","history":"The school building was inaugurated on 15 May 1912, with the primary school in the east wing and the girls' high school in the south wing.@\nBetween 1915 and 1917, a Red Cross hospital operated in the south wing. During this period, the high school was located in the east wing.@\nAfter the Romanian occupation, on 29 May 1919, the Romanian state expropriated it and it became a girls' grammar school with Romanian as the language of instruction. After the town was liberated, it became a Hungarian Royal State Girls' High School with Hungarian and Romanian sections in September 1940. The building housed the newly established eight-grade Hunyadi J\u00e1nos Boys' High School as well, also with Hungarian and Romanian sections.@\nThe primary school was also reorganised with Hungarian as the language of instruction. After the Soviet invasion, the Romanian state expropriated it again in November 1944. A mixed boys' and girls' grammar school was established under the name of Alexandru Odobescu, and the primary school took the name of Andrei Mure\u015fanu."},{"sightId":1195,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Casa Argintarului","address":"Strada Dornei","mapdata":"1|908|462","gps_lat":"47.1335823560","gps_long":"24.4967768948","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/complexulmuzealbn.ro\/ro\/sectii\/casa-argintarului-centrul-german-bistrita","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_BN_Bistrita_str_Dornei_5.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO BN Bistrita str Dornei 5\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e7\/RO_BN_Bistrita_str_Dornei_5.jpg\/512px-RO_BN_Bistrita_str_Dornei_5.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_BN_Bistrita_str_Dornei_5.jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Silversmith's House, Silver House of Beszterce-Nasz\u00f3d Museum","seolink":"silversmiths-house-silver-house-of-beszterce-naszod-museum","note":"","history":"The house was built in the 16th century in Renaissance style. It was the home of a renowned jeweler, who decorated the entrance hall of his house with stones carved by the Italian stone carver Petrus Italus between 1560 and 63. It is now used by an art school."},{"sightId":1196,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Casa Ion Zidarul","address":"Pietonalul Liviu Rebreanu","mapdata":"1|1001|640","gps_lat":"47.1325454881","gps_long":"24.4976631497","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"81","homepage":"https:\/\/hu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johannes_Lapicida-h%C3%A1z","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"https:\/\/lexikon.adatbank.transindex.ro\/muemlek.php?id=344","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Danretegan at Romanian Wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Casa_lui_Ion_Zidaru.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Casa lui Ion Zidaru\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/32\/Casa_lui_Ion_Zidaru.jpg\/512px-Casa_lui_Ion_Zidaru.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Casa_lui_Ion_Zidaru.jpg\u0022\u003EDanretegan at Romanian Wikipedia\u003C\/a\u003E, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Johannes Lapicida House, Andreas Beuchel House","seolink":"johannes-lapicida-house-andreas-beuchel-house","note":"","history":"It was built in Gothic style in the 1400s and it was later remodelled. It can be seen on the pedestrian street in the main square of the town.@\nThe Johannes Lapicida House in Beszterce was built around 1500 in the Gothic style. The building came into the possession of Johannes Lapicida, also known as Hans Maurer, a Saxon mason from Beszterce, in 1538.@\nIt must have been built towards the end of the 15th century, when it was only a single-storey stone house. Around 1520, it became the property of Andreas Beuchel, a descendant of a wealthy burgher family from Beszterce. From 1525 to 1526 he held the office of chief magistrate. In 1532, he was beheaded in the town market on suspicion of treason in a war between the town and the Moldavian Voivode Petru Rares. In 1533 the house was auctioned off and became the property of Christian Pomarius. Andreas Beuchel's descendants regained its ownership through litigation, and in 1538 it was bought from them by Johann Maurer, a mason and stonecutter from Beszterce. The town took it from him in 1546 in exchange for debts and sold it to Paul Budaker in 1549. In 1556 Johann Maurer bought it back. From then on the history of the house is unknown. It was rebuilt in the 1530s or 40s to its present late Gothic, early Renaissance form. It was considerably extended towards the courtyard in the 18th and 19th centuries."},{"sightId":1197,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Sinagog\u0103","address":"General Grigore Balan 10","mapdata":"1|1671|172","gps_lat":"47.1352107458","gps_long":"24.5033722391","religion":6,"oldtype":"8","newtype":"8","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Smiley.toerist, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bistri%C8%9Ba_synagogue.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Bistri\u021ba synagogue\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/9b\/Bistri%C8%9Ba_synagogue.jpg\/512px-Bistri%C8%9Ba_synagogue.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bistri%C8%9Ba_synagogue.jpg\u0022\u003ESmiley.toerist\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Sinagogue","seolink":"sinagogue","note":"","history":"The synagogue was built in 1893 in Romanesque-Gothic style with oriental elements."},{"sightId":1198,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Gheorghe \u0218incai 26","mapdata":"1|353|893","gps_lat":"47.1310241013","gps_long":"24.4920584809","religion":1,"oldtype":"4,74","newtype":"4","homepage":"http:\/\/www.bistritaturistica.ro\/ro\/resurse-turistice\/obiective-turistice\/obiective-turistice-in-bistrita\/oficiul-parohial-romano-catolic&page=2","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Gzsylm, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Plebaniadrotmentes.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Plebaniadrotmentes\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/9\/90\/Plebaniadrotmentes.jpg\/512px-Plebaniadrotmentes.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Plebaniadrotmentes.jpg\u0022\u003EGzsylm\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Roman Catholic Parish","seolink":"roman-catholic-parish","note":"","history":"It was built after the fire of 1758. The Piarist school operated in it until 1878."},{"sightId":1199,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Centrul de Arta Traditionala Casa cu Lei","address":"","mapdata":"1|733|892","gps_lat":"47.1310660464","gps_long":"24.4953772839","religion":0,"oldtype":"53","newtype":"99","homepage":"http:\/\/www.bistritaturistica.ro\/ro\/resurse-turistice\/obiective-turistice\/obiective-turistice-in-bistrita\/galerii-de-arta&page=3","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Nicolae_Titulescu_nr_8.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO Bistrita Nicolae Titulescu nr 8\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f8\/RO_Bistrita_Nicolae_Titulescu_nr_8.jpg\/512px-RO_Bistrita_Nicolae_Titulescu_nr_8.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Nicolae_Titulescu_nr_8.jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"House with lions, Art Gallery","seolink":"house-with-lions-art-gallery","note":"","history":"The house was built in the second half of the 18th century. It was the home of a Saxon butcher. It is now a museum, exhibition space, tourist information centre and souvenir shop."},{"sightId":1200,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Complexul Muzeal Bistri\u0163a-N\u0103s\u0103ud","address":"Bulevardul General Grigore B\u0103lan 19","mapdata":"1|1672|21","gps_lat":"47.1362523280","gps_long":"24.5035006079","religion":0,"oldtype":"21","newtype":"98","homepage":"https:\/\/complexulmuzealbn.ro\/en","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Smiley.toerist, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bistri%C8%9Ba_Muzeul_Jude%C8%9Bean_1.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Bistri\u021ba Muzeul Jude\u021bean 1\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e7\/Bistri%C8%9Ba_Muzeul_Jude%C8%9Bean_1.jpg\/512px-Bistri%C8%9Ba_Muzeul_Jude%C8%9Bean_1.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bistri%C8%9Ba_Muzeul_Jude%C8%9Bean_1.jpg\u0022\u003ESmiley.toerist\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Museum of Beszterce-Nasz\u00f3d County","seolink":"museum-of-beszterce-naszod-county","note":"","history":"It was built as a barracks in 1898. The museum was founded in 1950. The museum houses historical, ethnographic, geological and biological exhibitions."},{"sightId":1201,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"","address":"Strada Gheorghe \u0218incai","mapdata":"1|463|813","gps_lat":"47.1315071891","gps_long":"24.4930080786","religion":0,"oldtype":"80","newtype":"15","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Beszterce_K%C3%B3rhaz_utca_1910.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022Beszterce K\u00f3rhaz utca 1910\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/db\/Beszterce_K%C3%B3rhaz_utca_1910.jpg\/512px-Beszterce_K%C3%B3rhaz_utca_1910.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"Unknown authorUnknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former Hotel Sahling","seolink":"former-hotel-sahling","note":"","history":""},{"sightId":2419,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Cazinoul din Bistri\u021ba","address":"Strada Alexandru Odobescu Nr. 3","mapdata":"1|379|1106","gps_lat":"47.1297770095","gps_long":"24.4923287221","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"106","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Alexandru_Odobescu_3_(3).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022512\u0022 alt=\u0022RO Bistrita Alexandru Odobescu 3 (3)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/25\/RO_Bistrita_Alexandru_Odobescu_3_%283%29.jpg\/512px-RO_Bistrita_Alexandru_Odobescu_3_%283%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Alexandru_Odobescu_3_(3).jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former State Civil Girl's School","seolink":"former-state-civil-girls-school","note":"","history":"The school was built in 1893. After the Romanian occupation it became an officers' casino, and from 1942 a Hungarian casino. It is now a trade union cultural centre."},{"sightId":2420,"townId":57,"active":1,"name_LO":"Liceul de Muzic\u0103 Tudor Jarda","address":"Strada Alexandru Odobescu 8","mapdata":"1|378|1233","gps_lat":"47.1290259407","gps_long":"24.4922563197","religion":0,"oldtype":"74","newtype":"74","homepage":"","openinghours":"","muemlekemlink":"","csemadoklink":"","picture":"\u003Ca title=\u0022\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons\u0022 href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Liceul_de_muzica_Tudor_Jarda_(7).jpg\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg width=\u0022256\u0022 alt=\u0022RO Bistrita Liceul de muzica Tudor Jarda (7)\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/30\/RO_Bistrita_Liceul_de_muzica_Tudor_Jarda_%287%29.jpg\/256px-RO_Bistrita_Liceul_de_muzica_Tudor_Jarda_%287%29.jpg\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E","picture_ref":"\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:RO_Bistrita_Liceul_de_muzica_Tudor_Jarda_(7).jpg\u0022\u003E\u021aetcu Mircea Rare\u0219\u003C\/a\u003E, \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\u0022\u003ECC BY-SA 4.0\u003C\/a\u003E, via Wikimedia Commons","name":"Former State Municipal Boy's School","seolink":"former-state-municipal-boys-school","note":"","history":""}]},"language":"en","region":"romania","regionid":4,"offer":[],"gallery":false,"album":false}